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DUKE 
UNIVERSITY 


LIBRARY 


A BRIEF VIEW 


DOCTRINES 


OF THE 


CHRISTIAN RELIGION, 


AS PROFESSED BY THE 
SOCIETY OF FRIENDS, 


IN FHE FORM OF QUESTION AND ANSWER, FOR THE 
INSTRUCTION OF YOUTH. 


=e 
—— 


BY JOHN BEVANS. 


— 
eae) 


“Let us hold fast the profession of our faith without wavering, aud let» ar elt 


consider one another to proyoke unto love, and to good works: ” Heb. x. 28,24, 


aaa aes 


PHILADELPHIA: 


PUBLISHED BY KIMBER & CONRAD, 
NO. 93, MARKET STREET. 


SOLD ALSO BY SAMUEL WOOD, NEW YORK; AND SAMUEL 
; JEFFERIS, BALTIMORE, 
Brown & Merritt Printers, No. 24, Church-alley, 


eececesccore 


: 4 810. 
= iv 


iv Y. : 

the kingdom of the Redeemer among men, 
may derive some assistance from this little 
work. In compiling it, although his prima- 
ry object has been the instruction of youth, 
yet his views have not been confined to this 
class; for (whatever deficiencies may ap- 
pear in the following attempt to illustrate the 
truths of the Gospel) Christian Redemption 
is a subject peculiarly interesting to ai/: be- 
cause it embraces our most important i inter- 
ests in time, and in eternity. Indeed, whether 
we consider the unfathomable love wherein 
it originated, or the, height of happiness to 
_ which it is designed to raise fallen, degenerate 
man, it demands of us every sentiment of 
gratitude, adoration, and praise to an all- 
Wise Creator, W ho Ys rane: and whose na- 


ture’ ish) Lov E. 
¢ / 


nee 


OSE fares 
EOS iSXET 


CON STENTS. | 


CHAP. I. 


Sect. 1. Hapyiinee the principal object fursued by 
mankind ; how it is to be attained. §2. Of the Deity. 
—Proofs of his existence.—-He reveals himself to man 
by his Holy Spirit, and also by the Holy Scriptures. — 
§ 3. The Scripture account af the creation of the world— 
Of the creation of irrational animals, and lastly of man.» 
§ 4. Adam’s fall from the image of God in which,he was 
created.—-Its effects ufion himself and his jfosterity. 
§ 5. God has compassion on fallen man, and firovides a°Sa- 
viour to restore him—Jesus. Christ is» this © Saviour. 
§ 6. That God did, previously to the.coming of Christ, re- - 
veal his will to man, \st. By the Patriarchs : 2dly. By the 
Law: 3dly. By the Prophets: also universally by the 
Spirit of Christ. § 7. of the Patriarchs—Abraham leaves 
fis native country in obedience to a divine command— - 
Fits faith in the frromises of God—-On the fulfilment of 
these frromises. _¢ Page 9—32..: 

eee a2 


@! 


vi 


CHAP. II. 


" Séet. 1. Gud reveals himself to the children of Abra- 
ham, frarticularly to Moses. §2. Of the revelation of 
the divine will to Moses.—Of the law given by Moses ta 
the Israelites. § 3. The Mosaic Law considered, 1st. As 
political ; 3 its exclusive application ‘to. the Israelites asa 
nation : Qdly. As ceremonial ; which is typical or Jigura- 
tive of the mediatorial work and office of the Messiah: 
‘Sdly. As moral ; this part of the Law @tated as set forth 
in the ten commandments—and continues of universal obli- 
gation at the presént day.—Of the Christian Sabbath.—Of 
_ the substance of the Law as expressed of Christ and his 
afi eadles, —Of man’s ability to keep the commandments of 
God: § 4, Of the fropihets subsequent to Moses.—Maoses 
: ond the prophets foretell the coming of Christ, —Isaiah’s de- 
“scription of the person and mediatorial office of Christ. 
De " Page 33—52, 
oy : . 
she pa CHAP. IIL. 
a a 
Sect. 1. The hrofhecies concerning Christ fulfilled. 
‘He assumes human nature, becomes our /tonement or Me- 
diator—triumpihs over simby offering ufr his life as a sacri- — 
fice for sin, and by his subsequent resurrection—All men 
partake of. the benefit of Chriss death. § 2. Christ 
offers himself to mankind as a Saviour from sin, by his sfi- 
vit, by the Soxijtur es, and by his servants. Faith, what 
oat’ is—The»New Birth necessary tc Salvation, § 5. Of 
Wrcatasaices fg giveness of sins or Justification—Sancs 


‘ ‘ie 
we 


\ae 2 
ee 


+ 


Vil 


tification or justification to be experienced only through the 
righteousness of Christ.——Victory over sin—Perfection or 
freedom from sin—Possibility of falling away from a‘state 
of grace. § 4, Faith made manifest by good works—Of 
good works, what they are—Faith and works inseparable, 
and necessary to Justification, but not the cause of it—this 
tobe ascribed to the New Birth——Of Perseverance. § 5.The 
difference between the sfiritually-minded man, and the 
carnally-minded man—Their respective prospects after 
dcath—The day of Judgment. Page 5S—90, 


* CHAP. IV. 


, 


_ Sect. 1. The nature of true Worship—the prublic wor- 
ship of God a duty—the advantages that result from it— 
Prayer and prraise a part of divine worshifi—their nature. 
§ 2. The qualifications of a gospel minister—the benefits 
atiendant on a gosfiel ministry, § 3. Of the Baptism of 


Christ—Of Water Bapitism—ihe latter not enjoined by 


Christ—the practice of the afiostles_on thig subject ‘ton- 
sidered. § 4, The nature of the Supper which Christ até 
with his discifiles the night before his crileifixion—rea- 
sons for considering the celebration .of it asnot now obliga- 
torym—The supper of the Lord, of which Christians par- 


take, inward and spiritual, Page 91119. © 


ge ~*, te 


ie 

? 
& 
* 
= 


. rh 


CHAPTER I. ? 


SECT. I. 
_ Ist Question— What is the principal object 
sought after by mankind ? 


Answer—Happiness: all their pursuits, 
“however various, may be traced to it as to 
a central points. « side 


2d Q.—How is true happiness to be at. 
tained ? 


A.—True happiness is onty to a found 
in loving God, fearing to offend him; ‘and: 
obeying his commands. 


Psal. xxxiv. 9. O fear the Lord, ye his saints ; for 
there is no want to them that fear him.» 10. The: young 
lions do lack and suffer hunger, but they that seek whe 
Lord shall not want any good thing. 

Psal. cxxviii. ]. Blessed is every one, that Rettets 
the Lord, that walketh in his ways. 2, Happy shalt 


thou be, and it shall be well with thee. said 
Rom. viii. 28._And we know that all things Work to- » 
gether for good to them that love God. om. 


1 Cor. ii. 9. Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nei- 
* ther have entered into the heart of man, the things that» _ 
God hath prepared for them that love him. 10. But» 
God hath revealed them to.us by his Spirit. 

SECT, II. 


3d Q —Who is God ? > 
A; —God i is 5 Oe infinite, eternal, and. in- 


wr 


“rs 


“ ¢ aah ay 
‘ a ~~ Pic 


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& 10 


visible Being or Spirit, who created and who 
upholds all things. 


John iv. 24. God is a Spirit. 

Psal. xc. 2..\ Before, the mountains were brought 
forth, or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the 
world, even trom everlasting to everlasting thou art 


Jer, xxiii. 24. Can any hide himself in secret places 
that [ shall not-see him? do not I fill heaven and’ the 
ear th? saith the Lord. 

Psal. CXXXIX. 7. Whither shallI go from thy spirit? 
Si whither shall I flee from thy presence? 8. If T 
ascend up into heaven, thou art there. 9. If I take 

oH wings of the n norning and dwell in the utmost part 
the seas 10, ven there shall thy hand lead me; 
and thy right hand shall hold me. 11. If I say, surely 
the darkness shall cover meg even the night hail be 
Tightaboutme. 12. Yea, the darkness hideth not from 
thee; but the night shineth as the day: the darkness 
- and the dight are both ulike to thee. ‘ 
‘Heb. iii. 4., "He that builyall thingsis God. 
Hebiit'3. ‘Upholding all things by the word of his 


power. ~ - ¢ S 


“Ath Q. ae itnot true that chen is but one 
God ? 

A.—Cértainly ; for though there ame the 
Father, Word or Son, and Holy Spirit, these. 
“three are one God.* 


_. * Titis belief of the Father, Son, and Spirity ‘is ustaly called: 
‘the Doctrine of the Trinity, which "pas been variously explained. 
” by the professors of Christianity, but we think it safest to adhere 

as uch as possible to the guarded manner in which the sacred 


writers have treated this mysterious subject as it necessarily 


_. 6xtends i into a'depth unfathomable by the limited understanding 
»of man, for «* Canstthou by searching find out God? Canst thou 
«find out tle Almighty to perfection. © Job xi. ie 


. " “®t 


2 
a 


il 


Deut. iv. 35. The Lordhe is God, there is none else © 
besides him. £4 

John i. 1. The Word was God. 18. No man hath 
seen God at any time; the only begotten Son which is 
in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him. 

John x. 30. I and my Father are one. : 

John xiv. 23. If aman love me he will keep my 
words ; and my Father will love him, and we wilt come 
unto him, and make our abode with him. 26. But the 
Comforter which is the Holy Spirit, whom the Father 
will send in my name, he shall teach you all things. 

John xv. 26. But when the Comforter is come, 
whom I will send unto you from the Father, eyen the» 
Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he 
shall testify of me. 

Matt. xxviii) 19. Go ye therefore and teach all 
nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and 
of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. 

Gal. iv. 6. God hath'sent forth the Spirit of his Son 
into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father. 

2 Cor, xiii. 14. The grace of the Lord J esus Chase, 
and the love of God, and the communion of the Holy 
Spirit be with you all. Amen. 


5th Q.—What are the proofs we hae of 
the existence of God?’ me) 

A.—They are of two sorts; Ist. The works 
of creation. 2dly. The revelation God aS 
made of himself to man. 


6th Q.— What are the pot derived from 
creation ? 

A.—They are innumerable: the @arth we 
live upon abounds“with them: which with’. 
the sun, the moon, and the stars,:and the _ 
various revolitions in. the planetary sysetm, ¥ 
proclaims the existence of an all-wise, all- 


ee 


ae * 


encourages us to do good.* 


12 m 


powerful Being, by whom they must have 
been created, and by whose power they 
continue to be upheld. * Thus when we see 
a house, we are Certain that it could not have 
made or built itself, *but must have been the 
work of some man; ‘se when we_ behold 
things indicative of design that far exceed 
the ability of man, we reasonably attribute 
them to a superior power. 

Psal. civ. 24. O Lord, how manifold are thy works ! 
in’ wisdom hast thou made them all: the earth is full of 


thy riches. . 
Psal. xix, 1. ‘The heavens declare the glory of God : 


and. the firmament sheweth his handy work. 2. Day 


-unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night sheweth 
‘ knowledge. 3. There is no aperes nenlasieyner where | 
their voice is not heard. : 


Acts xiv. 17 He left not hinddlé without witness, in 


“that he did good, and gave us rain from heaven, and fruit- 


ful seasons, filling our hearts with food and gladness. 
Rom.i20. The invisible things of him from the 
creation of the world are clearly seen, being under- 
stood by the things that atfemade, even his eternal pow- 
er and Godhead. 
-Psal. cxxxix. 14. I will praise thee, for E am fear- 


< fully andwonderfully made ; marvellous are thy works, 


and that my soul knoweth right well. gi 


oth Q.—How does 8'God reveal himself t to 


man? 
,A.—By his Holy Spirit, which checks us 
when we incline,to do evil, and incites and 


* @How ofien,” says the pious Grate st ate ca thoughts 


suggested, heavenly affections kindled and - How often 
& ‘ 
“264 i. 
¥ ».. ee 


‘ 1s 
Deut. sxx. 11. For this commandment which ag - 
command thee this day, is not hidden from * 
neither is it far off. 14. But the word is very meh 
unto sees i is thy mouth 4nd in thy heart, that thou 
may 
ae ix,.20. Thou gavest also thy'good spirit to in-~ 2 
struct them. 
d m. ii. 14, When the gentiles, which have not the 
law, do by nature the things contained i in th x 
the , having not the law, are a law unto themselves: 
Se Which shew the work of the law written in their 
hearts, their conscience also bearing witness, and- their 
thoughts the mean while accusing, or else excusing 
another, 
Rom.x:6. But the righteousness whieh is 0 
speaketh on this wise, Say not in thitle 
ascend into heaven? (that is, to brif 
above ) 7. Or, Who shall. d 
(that is, | g up Christ again t 
But wh saith it? The word is nigh th en in th 
d im thy heéatt: that~ ees of “faithy 
which we preach. _ e *. ee = 
8th Q:—Has not God a “revealed is 
bes to man by the holy Seriptures ? a 
A.—Yes, inasmuch athey were no 
for the instruction of mankind et 3 se 


spired of God. = : ate 


is the Christian danas to holy. ations, Fae to his 
<n quickened, persuaded, i ha mee 5 that. 
be uae the ‘Spirit of God, to questi te ir 

es, O my soul! there is a'Supre mellegeoahc, gore 
the wi and is pre sent with it; who takes up his 
habitation im good men, and is vigh to alt who c4l uron or 
sanctify andwassist ¢ em! Hast thou t him, O my se 
like an seul, ting thy Me feeutacs Salting thy views, pic - 
nifyiege assions, exciting thy @Facesj and begetting int thea” at % 
an =b ce of sin anc allove of, holiness? And is not mes 

hig? 


an argument as truly 1 didst see : 
Hits on R ee dit.p.4 «4 4 


“s 


fre “= ar z se = 


id > bed 


» 2 Tim. iii. 16, All scripture is given by inspiration 
of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for 
correction, for instruction in righteousness. 

Rom, xy. 4. Whatsoevér things were written afore- 
time were written for our learning, that we through pa- 
_ tience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope. - 

2 Pet.i.21. For the prophecy came not in old-time 
by the will of man: but holy men of God spake aaibey 
Weonovedy the Holy Spirit. 

John xv, 15. All things thet I have heard of my Fa- 
ther, I have made known unto you. 16. I have chosen 
you and ordained you, that you should go and bring forth 

fruit, andthat your fruit should remain. 27. And ye 

also shall bear witness, because ye have Dagn with qne 

irom the beginning. 

Cor: v. 1. eta man so account of usy te 3) a: the 
¢ ‘ist, and stewards of the age of 


i : that ‘which was from: the. beginning, 
Cc Werhi ve elidel. which we have Po 3 h ‘get eyes, 


ve have Jooked upon, and our | 


word of life; 2. (FB the life was ceed, 


ai have seen it, and bea wits and’ shew unto 


yo that'eternal life which was with the Father, and was 
manifested unto us;) 3. That which we have seen and 
heardydeclared we unt@"you. a mt 


Ges oth Q. What do the holy Scriptiiies, de- 
_ _ daré of God? - 


ah —That he isitlie Creator of all ee 


and perfect i in power, wisdom and ho 5 
that he pede sin: that he is the fountain 


of. every lovelysyyea, at he is love 
Fitseit AT h 4 dispenses a soodness toall 


his creatures according #o their capacities, 
nd Ww Uleth not the destruction of sinners 
not the de ti ‘sinn pat 


. if i ~e = #8 
ee ‘ng -" fe ‘ : Hs 


15 


& 


that they should return to him, repent and ° 
live. ¥ 


1 Chron. xxix. 11.- Thine, O Lord, is the ereatnesss 
and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the 
majesty ;, for all that is in the heaven and in the earth = | 
is thine; thine is the kin; gdom, O Lord, and thou art 
exalted as head above all. 

Exod. xv. 11. Whois like unto theefif® Lordjtgilo- 
rious in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders? 

Rev. iv. 8. And they rest not day andnight, saying, 
Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty, which was, and 
is, and is to come. : 

~ Exod. xxxiv. 6. And the Lord passed before hir 
and proclaimed, The Lord, the Lord God, merciful 
' gracious, long-suffering, and abundant. a e00C i 


truth. 7. Keeping mercy for thowsands, for ivin 
uity and transgression and. sin, and sthat, will by no * 
means cleat the guilty. ~~ — Pd oe 


ae <a Thou art not a God that hath pléa ne 

_wickedness: neither shall evil dwell with thee. ST 
“foolish shall not stand in thy vehi thou Se 8 al 
workers of iniquity, 

Folin tvs. 7. Bboved let us fied one ee. fer 
love is of God; and every one that loveth, ds born of 
God, and-knoweth God. 8° "He that loveth eo 
eth not God ; for God is love.» | 

Psal. xxxiii. 5. . The earth is fulkofethe gookiness ofits 
the Lord. 

~Psal. cvii. 8. Oh that men would praise the Lio 
for his goodness, and for hi8) wonderful works. to rhe 

Te of men! 9. For he satisfieth the longing soul; / * 
eth the hungry soul with goodness. 

at 45, He maketh his sun to rise on the evil 
and on the good, and sendeth rainomithe jus and onthe ~ 
upjust. +: ont nN 

Isai. ly. i Let the wicket forsake his oy Si and the 
“unrighteous man his ughts ; and let him returnunto 
the Lord; and he willh ave mercy u im 5 “and to our 

God; for he ren pardon. | my % 


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irr al" ani ere 
4 a4 ye at ‘calling. th 
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iit * th the beginning ot 


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3 c 

Ezek. xxxili.. 11. As I live, sai 
havé®no ease | in the death of ae wicked Patt 
the wicked turn from his 1 way and live. shal allies 

2 Pet. iii. 9. The Lord is not slack conc - his 
promise, as some men count slackness ; but is 
suffering to us-ward, not willing that any = 
but that all should come to repenta tance. _ 


— 


om 
heal ee SEGTs ~ ives % ows ct aie 
“10th Q. —How do the Scriptures os 


creation ? 
awe inform us that God creat 


the earth, the sea, and all 
Pace animate or Sse 
eo word of his. bowery. * 4 


and t me yaa a. 

Neh. rx. 6. Thali, even thou, a A ab et . 
has heaven, the heaven of heay with a) 
host, the earth, and all things that are  henete' 


i ‘— that is thereim, and thou Preset hem 


me Xxxiii. 6. By the word of thesLord w tg 
heavens made: and°all the host of them by the t 


of his month. . 
ce xi. 3. The wor ere framed by the r 
that things which’ are seen 1 were not mi 


Gee which doappear. _ z 


ee 
-yth fot the. sce pi 
the creat of man as di we Ae 
mee 


s wi 


* ~~ 


* 


* - 


17 


existence, but the language of the Almighty 
previously to the creation of Adam,was, “ Let 
us make man in our image, after our like- 
ness,’” then we are informed that he created 
man in‘his own image, ¢ven in the image of 


God. eo 
* @ 
Gen. i. 24. And God said, Let the earth bring forth 
the living creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping 
thing, and beast of the earth after his kind: and it was 


so. 26, And God said, Let us make man in our image 


after our likeness. 27. So God created man in his 0 


image, in the image of God created he him. _ 
12th Q.—What is to be sider by 1“ e 


image of God in man? 


A,—A breath of life which was breathed» ‘ 


*into him by God, by which he was.madea 
partaker of the divine nature, and hadPant — 
and communion with God. ee 


Geneii.7. And the Lord@@od formed man of the 
dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the 
breath of life ; andsman became a living soul. 

2 Cor, iii, 18. But we all, with open face beholding 
as in a glass the glory of the Lord, are changed intoth 
same image from glory to sloty, even as by thesSpirit: 
»of the Lord. 

‘Ephviv. 24. And that ye put on the new man, which 
‘after God is created in righteousness and a agente 


Col, iii. 10." And. ly have put)on themew man, P 


which is renewed i in. knowledge after the ae Ie him 
that created him. 


“2 Peta. 4. Wheréby are to to us exce egting 


great and précious promises; that eugaeh 
be pattakers.¢ the divine ces 


igs 


a 
* 


18 


1 Johni. 3. Truly our fellowship is with the Father, 
and with his Son Jesus Christ. 


13th Q.—Did Adam remain alone ? 


+ ee the Lord saw that it was not good 
that he should be alone, and therefore formed 
a‘Woman t6 be an help meet for him, whom 
Adam called Eve, and God gave them domi- 
nion over all the creatures, 


Bon. ii ii. 18. And the Lord God said, It is not good 
that Ser should be alone; I will make an help meet for 
And the Lord God caused a deep sleep to 
Pupon » and he slept: and he took one of his 
"ribs, ee the flesh instead thereof. 22. And 
the rib h tiedora God had taken frony man, made 
. woman, and brought her unto the man. 23. And 
“adam ‘said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of 
ny Sete she shall be called woman, because she was’ 
:en out of mah. * See also WCor, xi. 8. 
iii.20. And Adam called his wife’s name Eve; 
because she was the mother of all living. 
» Genwi. 28.. God. said unto them, Have dominion 
over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, 


__ and over every living thing that moveth Opa. the eee. 


oe 


14thQ,- —W here did Adam and Eve dwell? 
r| An | a gar ‘den’ €astward in Eden; in 


©" which’ grew every tree that is pleasant to the* 
sight and good for food, and in the midst.of 
the garden grew the tree of life, and the 
5. i, tree EF eae edge of good and evil. sl 
Fa Sh 
‘the Lord "God pl planted a garden 
; and there he put the as oh ee 
9, “And out of the ground made th Lord 
en ete os a 


%.. 


19 


God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, 
and good for food ; the tree of life also in the midst of 
the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and 
evil. 


SECT. IV. oe 


a 


15th Q.—Did Adam evince His love’and 
ip letigtag to his Creator for all these bless- 
Inga 

A.—No, for ete the Almighty allow 
him freely to eat of every tree of the garder 

in which he* was placed, except the cat 
‘knowledge of good and evil, of Which Go 

_forbad him to eat, saying, that on the day he 

ate of it he should surely die, yet notwith- 


standing this injunction he did eat of i it, 
md ate 
Gen. ji. 16. And the Lord God command man, 
saying, Of every tree of the garden thou m eely 
eat; 17. But of the tree of the knowledge of good and 


evil, thou shalt not eat of it®* for in the day -that thou 


eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. 3 
See also the Proofs to the two next Answers. 


~ 16th Q.— What induced Adam to i the 


forbidden fruit ? > 
. 


‘and she took of the fruit he ae and she 
gave to Adam, and. he also thereof. os: 


_A.—The serpent or devil eatpped Eve, * 


en. iii, 4.  And'the serpent said unto the woman, ~ 


' Ye shall not surely die: 5. For G 
in the day ye eat agi, then you ‘ 


: 
- —- 


ge Fa a a = it 


« 


| * 


ed; and ye shall be as Gods, knowing good and evil. 
6. And when the woman saw that the tree was good for 
food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to 
be desired to make one wise ; she took of the fruit there- 
of, anddid eat; and gave also unto her husband with © 
her; andhe dia eat. 
Pes viii. 44. He [the devil] was a neurdeter" from 
eginning, and abode not in the truth, because 
sno tr : in him. When he speaketh a'lie, he 
cee of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of 
it. 
1 John iii. 8. He that commiteth sin, is of the devil ; 
fof the devil sinneth from the beginning. 
Rev. xii. 9. And the great dregon was cast out, 
eiveth th old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which de- 


ole world. s * 


20 


17th Q -Did Adam and Eve die in the 
day they ate of the forbidden fruit? 


A ‘hey did not cease to exist as crea- 
e they died to that spiritual life or di- 
vine image in which they had communion ‘ 


th with God. 
"padi 23. The wages of sin is death. 
Rom. y. 12. By one man sin entered into the world, 
and — by sin. 
. Rom, viii. 6. To be coietly minded, is death; but 
to be iritually minded is life, and peace: 7. Because 
» the carnal mind is enmity against God. 
James i. 15. When lust hath conceived ; it bringeth 
forth sin; and sin, when it is ergy bringeth ba 


+ 


death. Oy a 
John v. 24." at heareth. any word, and believeth 
» on him that on me,—is passed pe death unto life. 
~ 26, The ming, and now is, when the d 
shall ‘h V0 f Mis Son of God; and th is 
_ hear shalllives © or tt “ 


“ : ‘ 
21 


Eph. ii. 1. Amd you hath he quickened, who were 
dead in trespasses and sins. 

Eph. v. 14. Awake, thou that sleepest, and arise 
from the dead, and Christ will give thee light. 

1 Tim. v. 6. But she that liveth i in pleasure is dead . 
while she liveth. 

1 John iii, 14. We know that *we have passed from .- 
death unto life, because we love the brethren. He. that 
loveth not his brother, abideth in death. Ae 

Rey. iii. 1. Iknow thy works, that thou hast a name, 


that thou livest, and art dead.* 
ee 


18th Q.—What were the consequences of)» 
this spiritual death to our first parents ? 


A.—They lost, the niphigm as /and pu- 
rity, the love, joy, and peace in > Hol¥ Spi- 
rit, which were the fruits of vine i 
in which they were created, and were brought 
under the dominion of the evil arora 


D 


which have ever since abounded in t orld, ° 
and, having yielded ..themselves to the power . 
of sin, they became liable to temporal death 


¥ 


and eternal misery. ty. ¥ 
asi me . 


See the Proofs to the 20th ‘Answer. j 
19th Q. —Has the, earth suffered. z 
change in consequence ‘of the fall of man ? 


A.—The ground was cursedin consequence 
of it, so that it produces thomas, ang! and. thistles, 


Ae Soft 


* Though most of these texts may not appear to Saephy person- 
ally to Adam, they prove that thedeath that is the consequence 
“of si hich Adam’s was, is a death of: ep rt than 
iterely that of the body. _ - yh is an 


. ® , 


> 


b ' > . 2 é 
san Xo s > his , 


22 _® 


and man was turned out of the garden of 
Eden, and is doomed to till the > ground, and 
with sorrow to eat of the fruit of it to the 
day of his death, when his body is to return 
to the dust whence it was taken. yeas 
ee: bbc ah Sey 

' - iii. IZ, And unto Adam he [God] s said, Be- 
ca thou hast eaten of the tree of which he com- 
manded thee, saying, thou shalt not eat of it; cursed 
is the ground for thy sake ; in sorrow shalt thou eat of 
it all the days of thy life. 18. Thorns also and thistles 
shall it bring forth to thee ; and thou shalt eat the herb 
of the field. 19. In the sweat of thy face shalt tho 
éat bread, till thou return unto the ground, for out of it 

; for dust thou arty and upto dust shalt 


t retur) Therefore the Lord God sent him 
forth fr a n of Eden, to till the ground from 
whence he was taken. 

Ms 


.—Are all mankind avoid in the 
Adam/’s disobedience ? 


he sachi for as Adam had efter the 
* iar image in himself, and become wholly 
degenerate, so his children can have no good 
thing as belonging to’their nature, which he 
from whom they derive their common nature, 
“a to communicate. * a 


» -* It may be proper to. observe, that we do not hereby impute 
any guilt to infants; because as the Scripture says, Rom. iv. 15. 
«© Where nojlaw i is, there’ is no transgression. K Also, ‘Rom. v.13, 
‘ But sin is not imputed; when there is no law.” Nevertheless, 
as “aseed ofisin is tre t ited toall men from Adam, called death 
in the Scriptures, and the body of death, seeing it is indeed a 
© death to tlie life of righteousness and holiness ;?” «they [ir ants} 
- have need of Christ, a Saviour, who died: fob them, to iver. 
them from "i 
104. § 5. ps 


lay’s Apology, 8th edit. Prop. iv. §. 4..p." 
Barclay’s. Works, fol. édit. p. 771. 


~~» 


\ Mf, Lm a 


4 


7 


; 


“+ . 23 


Gen. vi. 5. And God saw that every imagination of 
the thoughts of his [man’s] heart was only evil conti- 
nually. ; 

Jer. xvii. 9: The heart is deceitful above all things, 
and desperately wicked ; who can know it! 2 

Rom. viii. 7. The carnal mind is enmity against 
God ; for it is not subject to the law of God, neither in- 
deed « can it be. 8. Sothen they that are in the flesh 
cannot please God. 

1 Cor. ii. 14. The natural man receiveth not the 
things of the Spirit of God; for they are foolishness 
unto him: neither can he know them, because they are 
spiritually discerned. 

Matt. xv. 19. Outof the heart proceed evil thoughts, 
murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, 
blasphemies. 
~ 1 John ii15. If any man love the wa 
of the Father is notin him. 16. Ref all tha 
world, the lust of the flesh, and ‘lust of the eyes, 
and the pride of life, is not of the F ather, but is of the 
world. x pik et 

Gen. v.3. And Adam begat a son in own like- 
ness, after his image. = ie 

Job xiv. 1. Man that is born of a womans of few 
days, and full of trouble. 2. He cometh forth likea 


_ flower, and is cut downs he fleeth also as shadow, 


and continueth not. 4. Who can bring ac thing 
out of an unclean? not one. Se 

Psal. li. 5. Behold I was shapen in iniquity > and in 
sin did my mother conceive me. 

John iii. 6. That which is born of the Besh gaifesh 

Gal. v.19. Now the works of the flesh are fest; . 
which are these ; adultery, fornication, uncleanness, 
Jasciviousness. 20. Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, 
emulations, wrath, strife, seditionsyberesics envyings, 
murders, pid revellings, suchlike: of the 
which I tell you, that they which do such things shall 


not inherit the kingdom of God. 


> ee 


ie 24 : a 


Eph. ii. 2. Wherein in time past ye walked ‘accord- 
ing to the course of this world, according to the p 
of the power of the air, the spirit that »W ae in 
the children of disobedience. 3. Amongst whom also 
we all had our conversation in times past, in the lusts 
of the flesh, fulfilling the desires of the and of the 
mind, and were by nature the children of wrath even as 
others. any wae 
or. xv. 22. In Adam all die. 
om.y.12. Wherefore, as by one man sin entered 
into the ‘world, and death by sin ; and so death passed 
on all men, for that all have ps 18. By the offence 
of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation. 
19. By one man’s disobedience many were made sin- 
ners. 
Rom. iii, 9. We have before proved both Jew and 
Gentiles, that they are all under sin; 40. As th 
written, there is none righteous, no, not one: 
There is*none that understandeth, there is none Mat 
a3 after God. 12. They are all gone out of the 


er are together become unprofitable ; there is 
“Ghats zone ti 


oeth good, no, not one. 16. Destruction 
are in their ways: 17. And the way of 
he # peer have they not known. 18. There is no fear of 
-, a their eyes. 
5? de os viii. 21. ‘The imagination of man’s heart peril 
~ from His youth. ’ 
Pehchn v.19. The whole world lieth in wicedate: 
“ Gal. fii. 22, The Scripture hath concluded all under 
» sir 


hs as i 
yt SECT. V. 


a 


wt. — io left to Lietg im 
this state’of alienation? 


« ASN, God had compassion | on fallen. 
an, anh eee cis ‘provided a a 


~* - & 


¥ 


23 


Saviour to restore to man the image of God 
which Adam, by disobedience, had lost. ~ 


See the Proofs to the next Answer. 


22d Q.—Who is this Saviour? 


A.—Jesus Christ, the Word and Son of 
God; who is also called the seed of the 
woman, which was to bruise the head of the 
serpent or devil that had beguiled Eve. 


? 


John iii. 16. God so loved the world, that he gaye 
his only begotten Son, that whosoever beli¢yeth in him, 
should net perish, but have ee also 1 
John iv. 9, 10. ' i gall 

Rom. v.8. But God commendeth his love towards 
us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. 

Eph. ii. 4. But God, who is rich in merey, for his” 
great love wherewith he loved us, 5. Even when we 
were dead in sins, hath quickened us toge er with 
Christ, (by Grace ye are saved.) ae oe, 

Marki. 1. The beginning of the Gospel of Jesus 
Christ the Son of God. be er 

John iv. 42, This is indeed the Christ the Saviour 
of the world. ' gts 

Luke ii. 11. Unto you is born this day, a Saviour, 
which is Christ the Lord. yA 

Gen. iii. 15. And I will put enmity between'thee and 
the woman, and between thy seed and her seed: it 

_ shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel, 

Acts xiii.23. Ofthis man’s ee seed hath God 
according to his promise, raised unto Israel a Saviour 
Jesus. t = i 


+, 


23d Q.—Why is Christ called: the seedvof 


the woman ? 


¥. ¥ 


* 


A.—Because he became man by being 
born of a woman who was a virgin. 


26 


Matt.i.18. Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on 
this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to 
Joseph, before they came together, she was found with 
child of the Holy Spirit. 20. Behold the Angel of the 
Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph 
thou son of David, fear not totake unto thee Mary thy 
wife: for that which is conceived in her, is of the Holy 
Spirit. 21. And she shall bring forth a son, and thou 
shalt call his name Jesus, for he shall save his people 
from their sins. 

Luke i. 31. Behold thou shalt conceive, and bring 
forth a son, and shalt call his name Jesus. 34. Then 
‘said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I 
know ey ‘man? 85. And the angel answered and 
said unto The Holy Spirit shall come upon thee, 
and the ok of the Highest shall overshadow thee ; 

there also that holy thing which shall be born of 
“thee, shall be called the Son of God. 
Gal. iv. 4. But when the fulness of time was come, 
God sent forth his Son made of a woman. Ps 


Pate Q.—How did-Christ bruise the*ser- 
Pent’s head ?° 

any .— By his triumph Over sin and the devil, 
"sthierauthor of it. 


‘See the Proofs to the 49th, 50th, and 51st Answers. 


“95th Q.—If Christ be the Word and Son 
.of God, and also the seed of the woman, is 
he not both God and man ? 
Yes, for it was the “Eternal Word, shes 
is i God, by rong things were created, 3 
‘that took upon him our nature. Hy: le 


wr. 


2 
at 


” ® 


¥ 27 


John i. 1. Inthe beginning was the Word, and the 
Word was with God, and the Word was God. 3. All 
things were made by him; and without him was not 
any thing made that was made. 10. He was in the 
world, and the world was made by him, and the world 
knew ies not. 14. Andthe Word was made flesh, and 
dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of 
the only begotten of the Father) full of grace and truth. 

. Matt. i. 23. And they shall call his name Emma- 
nuel, which, being interpreted, is, God with us. 

John x. 30. Iand my Father are one. 33. And the 
Jews answered him, saying, For a good work we stone 
thee not; but for blasphemy; and because that thou, 
being a man, makest thyself God. , 

»John xx. 28. And Thomas answered and said unto 
him, My Lord, and my God. 

Rom. ix. 5. Whose are the fathers, and of whom 
as concerning the flesh, Christ came, who isover all, 
God blessed for ever. 

Eph. iii. 9. And to make all men see what is the 
fellowship of the mystery, which from : ake a 
of the world hath been hid in God, who ed all 
things by Jesus Christ. 3 

Phil. ii. 6. Who being in the form of Ged, thought 
it not. robbery to be equal with God: 7. But made. 
himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form. 
ofa servant, and was made in the likeness of men.. 

Col. ii. 9. In him [Christ] dwelleth all the fulness. 
of the Godhead bodily. ; 

Col. i 16. For by him were all things crearwainiie 
are in heaven, and that are in the earth, visible and in- ~ 
visible, whether they be thrones, or dominions} or prin- 
cipalities, or powers; all things were created by him, 
and for him. 

1 Tim. tii. 16. And without controversy erat, the” 
mystery of godliness: Ged was manifest in the flesh, 
justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the 
Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up i nte 


glory, % a 


8 


28 i 


Heb. i.2. [God] hath in these last days spoken un- 
to_us by his Son, whom he hath appointed ae 
things, by whom also he made the worlds ; 3. Who. - 
being the brightness of his glory, and the express image: 
of his person, and upholding all things by the word of 
his power, when he had by himself purged out 
down on the right hand of the majesty on: 
For, unto which of the angels said he at ahy time. 
art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? 8. But un- 
to the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and 
ever; asceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy 
kingdom. ; 

Heb. ii. 16.. For verily he took not on him the na- 
ture of angels ; but he took on him the seed of Abra- 
ham. : 

Heb. xiii.8. Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, to- 
day, and for ever. : - 

a 7 le 


26th Q.—How long was itafter the fall of 


~ Adam before Christ took upon him our na- 


ture? — 

. A.—About four thousand years. 
 .. 
ft ae SECT. VI. wie 
ae 


“e7th Q.—How did God, during this period, 
- “¥eVeal his will to mankind ? 


‘AeIn various ways. Ist. By the Patri- 


Ho Qdly. By the’ Law, 3dly. By the Pro- 


ne in the hearts of men immedi- 
ately a : 


phetsand universally by the redeeming and 
reconciling Spirit and power of Christ, which * 


ifter the fall. 


- 


See the Proofs to the following Answers. * 
- 


r 29 
SECT. VII. 


28th Q.—Who were the Patriarchs ? 


A.—A Patriarch was the father of a large 
family or nation, who, in the early ages of 
the world, governed them by virtue of his 
paternal authority : the Patriarchs of whom 
we are speaking, were good men who feared 


and loved God and obeyed his commands; | 


such were-Seth and Enoch, such also was 
Noah, who, with his family, was saved from 
the deluge or flood by which all the rest of, 
the world were destroyed for their great 
wickedness, and disregard to the warning of. 
God, ©» - , 
. “ 

Gen.v. 24. And Enoch walked with God, § and he 

was not; for God took him. 


Heb. xi. 5. By faith Enoch was translated,that act | 


should not see death ; and was not found, because God. 
had translated him ; for before his translation he had 
this testimony, that he pleased God. eee 

Jude 14, And Enoch the seventh from Adam: ‘pro-» 
phesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with 
ten thousands of his saints, 15. To execute judeearat 
upon all, &c. 

Gen. vii 9. Noah was a just,man, and perfect in -his 
generations, and Noah walked with God. — 13. And ‘God 


said unto Noah, The end of all flesh is welute mé;. for _ 


the earth is filled with violence through ‘them 5 _and, be- 
hold, I will destroy them with the earth. 

2 Pet. ii. 5... And [God] spared not the) ola ii, 
but saved Noah the eighth person, a preacher ‘of 1 ’ right- 
eousness ; bringing in the ficod, upon. the _woild of the 
angodly. “ 7 

C2 


os 


’ 


80 


29th Q.—Are these all the Patriarchs that 
are mentioned in the Scriptures ?- 


A.—No, there are others mentioned, par- 
ticularly Abraham who, in obedience to the 
divine command left his native country and 
sojourned in the land of Canaan, and, by 
his faith in the promises of God, obtained 


_ the appellation of the father of the faithful, 


and the friend of God. 


Gen. xii. 1. Now the Lord had said unto Abram, 
Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, 
and from thy father’s house, unto a land that I will 
shew thee. 4.So Abram departed, as the Lord had 
spoken unto him, and Lot went with him. 5. And 


~Gnto the land of Canaan they came. 7. And there 


%, Tak bg an altar unto the Lord, who appeared unto 


an, 


git M, ‘* 
en. xv. 6. And he believed in the Lord ; and-he 
am it to him for righteousness. 
»Rom, iv. 11. And he [Abraham] received the sign 
circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith 
‘which he had yet being uncircumcised: that he might 
be the father .of all them that believe, though they be 
‘not circumcised ;) that righteousness might be imputed 
unto them also. 12. And the father of circumcision to 
them who are not of the circumcision only, but also walk, 


oie ei ces of that faith of our father Abraham, which 


che had being yet uncircumcised. 16. Therefore it is 


“of faith, that it might be by grace ; to the end the pro- 


mise~might be sure to all the seat not to that only 
which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith 
of he, who is the father of usall. — 

Jam. ii hast ie the Scripture was fulfilled which 
saith, Abr am elieved God, and it was” imputed unto 
him. for righteousness ;sand he was salted the friend = 
God. See also Isaiah xh. 8. 


_ 


* 


* , 


31 


50th Q.— What were the promises of God 
to Abraham? 


A.—He promised to make Abraham the 
father of a great nation, and that his children 
should possess that land in which he sojourned 
as a stranger : and further, that in his seed all 

the nations of the earth should be blessed. 


Gen. xii. 2. I will bless thee and thou shalt bea 
blessing. 3. And in thee shall all families of the earth 
be blessed. 44 

Gen. xvii. 6. I will make thee exceeding fruitful, 
and I will make nations of thee, and kings shall come 
out of thee. 8. And I will give unto thee, and to thy 
seed after thee, the land wherein thou arta stranger, 
all the land of Canaan. te ee ee 

Gen. xxii. 16. By myself have I sworn, saith the 
Lord, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast © 
no: withheld thy son, thine only son: [Isaac whom he 
Was going to offer as a sacrifice by the command of God} 
17. That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiply- 
ing will multiply thy seed as the. stars of the heaven, 
and as the sand which is upon the sea_shore ;.and thy 
seed shall possess the gate of his enemies; 18. And in 
thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed ; 
because thou hast obeyed my voice. | ~ 
$ : :2 

~ aft - 
31st. Q.— Were these promises to Abra- 
ham fulfilied ? £ 

A.—Yes: from his son Isaac came the 
Israelites who were a greatnation, and pos- 


sessed the land promised to Abraham; and 
Jesus Christ the Saviour of mankind, in whom 
all the nations of thesearth are blessed, is of 
the seed of Abraham after the flesh. 


rs 


32, 


tg* 


Deut. x. 22. The Lord thy God hath made'thee as 


the stars of heaven for multitude. bt Als 

Joshua xxi. 43. And the Lord gave unto Israel all 
the land which he sware unto their fathers; and they 
possessed it, and dwelt therein. 44. And the Lord gave 
them rest round about, according to all that he sware 
unto their fathers. 45. There failed not aught of any 
good thing which the Lord had spoken unto the house 
of Israel: all came to pass. 

Acts iii. 25. Ye are the children ‘of the prophets, 
and of the covenants which God made with our fathers, 
saying unto Abraham, And in thy seed shall all the 
kindreds of the earth be blessed. 26. Unto you first, 
God having raised up his son Jesus, sent him to bless 
you, in turning away every one of you from his ini- 
quities. 

Gal. iii. 8. And the Scripture, foreseeing that God 
would justify the heathen through faith, preached be- 
» fore the gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all 
“ations be blessed. 9. So then they which be of faith, 
“are blessed with faithfull Abraham.—13. Christ hath 
redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a 
curse for us.—14, That the blessing of Abraham might 
come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we 
might receive thé promise of the Spirit through faith. 


16, Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises _ 


: made. . He saith not, And to seeds, as of many ; but 
asof one, And to thy seed, which is Christ, 
ee. ha a ale » Sie 


nse 


gins iy ’ ~ 
tee x ot 
ce Sa r 
5 i a 
ge OS SPS eo 
t ret A Pad ; . 
pan 2 «) d . 
4? P- 
* Beka \ “ 
_ x 
er i 


* 


. 


CHAPTER II. 


SECT. I. 


‘+ 


32d Q.—Did God ened himself, to the 
children of Abraham ? 


A.—He did to Isaac, also to Jacob, other- 
wise called Israel: but the most remarkable 
revelation of the divine will to the descend= *» 
ants of Abraham, was thr ugh Woses;whom — 
God appointed to be the 7 Legislatons of the 
Israelites. 


« 


Gen. xxvi. 2. And the Lord appeared unto him. 
[Isaac] and said, Go not down into Egypt: 3. So- 
journ in this land, and I will be with thee, and will-bless 
thee ; for unto thee and unto thy seed, .I will give all. 
these countries, and I will perform the oath which I _ 
sware unto Abraham thy father; 4. And ¥ will make. 
thy seed'to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will vive 
unto thy seed all these countries; and in thy ae phalt 
all the nations of the earth be blessed. ~_ 

Gen. xxviii. 10. And Jacob went out from) irae, 
sheba, and went toward Haran. «Ll. And he lighted 
upon a certain place, and tarried there all night, be- © 
cause the sun was set; and lay d in that pace 
» sleep. 12. And he dreamed, and t Buk a la er set 
heed the cag and the top’of it ee ah tovheaven. 


= seer * 


34 aes 


13. And behold, the Lord stood above it, and said, I 
am the Lord God of Abraham thy father, and the God 
of Isaac; the land whereon thou liest, to thee will I 
give it, ‘and to thy seed. 14. And in thee, and in thy 
seed, shall all the families of the earth be blessed. 

Gen. xxxv. 9. And God appeared unto Jacob again, 
when he came out of Padan-aram, and blessed him. 
10, And God said unto him, Thy name is Jacob; thy 
name shall not be called any more Jacob, but Israel 
shall be thy name; and he called his name Israel. 

Exod. iii. 1. Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro 
his father-in-law. 2. And the angel of the Lord ap- 
peared unto him ina flame of fire out of the midst of 
a bush. 4. And God called unto him out of the midst 
of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. 7. I have surely 
seen the affliction of my people which are in Egypt. 
8. And I am come down to deliver them out of the 
hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of 
that land, unto a goods land and a large, unto a land 
flowing with milk and honey. 15. Thus shalt thou 


“say unto the children of Israel, The Lord God of your 
‘fathers, the God of, Abraliam, the God of Isaac, and the 


God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you. 


fs . SECT. IL 


33d Q.—Wherein did this revelation of 
the divine “will differ from those that pre- 
ceded at: sh ~ : i « 


ise ae God chose the Israelites, from 
r’nations, to be a separate and 


pena unto himself, that they . 
niche” the knowledge of the only 
true God, ‘midst of heathen darkness ; 


| and, to effect. this purpose, he gave them, 


= - “ 


~~ 


35 


through Moses, Laws, Statutes, and Judg- 
ments, for their civil and religious conduct. 


Exod. xix. 3. And Moses went up unto God, and 
the Lord called unto him out of the mountain, saying, 
Thus shalt thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the 
children of Israel; 4. Ye have seen what I did unto 
the Egyptians, and how I bare you on eagles’ wings, 
and brought you unto myself. 5. Now therefore if ye 
will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then 
ye shall bea peculiar treasure unto me above all peo- 
ple; for all the earth ismine. 6. And ye shall be unto 
me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. 

Deut. iv. 5. Behold, I have taught you statutes and 
judgments, even as the Lord my God commanded me, 
that ye should doso in the land whither ye goto possess 
it. 6. Keep therefore and do them ; for this is your 
wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the na-. 
tions, which shall hear all these statutes and say, Surely 
this great nation is a wise and understanding people. 7. 
For what nation is there so great, whe hath Géd sonigh 
unto them, as the Lord our God is in 2 things ‘that we 
call upon him for? 

Deut vii. 6. Thou art an holy ieenle unto the Lord 
thy God; the Lord thy God hath chosen thee to be a 
special people unto himself, above all people that are Ya 
on the face of the earth. ; 

Deut. ix. 5. Not for thy righteousness, or forthe up- 
rightness of thine heart dost thou go,to possess their 

land; but for the wickedness of these nations’ the Lord 
thy God“@ith drive thenr out from before thee, and that 
he may perform the word which the Lord sware unto 
thy fathers, Abraham, Isaac, andJacob. ." ~ * ee sy 

Deut. xxviii. 10. And all the people of the th, 
shall see that thou art called by the ame, of the Lord; 
and they shall be afraid of thee. ; 

Deut. xxx. 15. See, I have set ee thee’ nis day 
life and good and death andevil; 16>In thatd com- 

mand thee this day te love - Lord thy. | God, > walk 


* 


@- 


ta ‘age; and this history, with the 


Sr a 
; ia oo 
Wi? PPL. 
“* en 
Ns wiFyves 
36 > _* 


in his ways, ‘and to keep his sactisansithimiabia 
statutes, and his judgments, that thou mayst live and 
multiply ; and the Lord thy God shall bless thee in the 
land whither thou goest to possess it. 17. But if thine 
heart turn away, so that thou wilt not hear, but shalt 
be drawn away, and worship other gods, and serve 
them; 18. Idenounce unto you this day, that ye shall 
‘surely perish, and that ye shall not prolong your days 
upon the land, whither thou passest over Jordan to go 
to possess it. 


34th Q.—Did this comprise the whole of 
the divine revelation delivered to the Is- 
raelites ? 


A.—No, Moses also committed to writing © 
an account of oo origin of the world, the 
creation and fall of man, and a summary 
history of the world to his own time; com- 
‘prising an instructive description of God’s 
dealings with mankind, both before the 
» flood, ‘and afterwards, during the patriarchal 

ie sub- 
~ joined to It, is considered as the first written 
ig Fevlation of God to man. 


7 
gt 4— + 


olf ets o*  oger. at. Po 


+. Bg 


" “35th 621 the] law of Moses of universal 


and perpetual, obligation ? 


ee, -sThel aw of Moses was adapted to the 

state of. the* aelites as a nation or political 

body ; . it® therefore admits of a ‘threefold 
consideration, Ist. As political; 2dly. As~ 


% 


iJ 7 
a < e 


es ~~ 


eo 


3 


37 


, ddendnict: Sdly. As moral. The last of 


these only, is of universal and i obli- 
gation. 


36th Q.—What part of the Law was poli. 
tical? 

A.—That which related to the internal 
government of the Israelites asa nation, and 
to their intercourse with other nations; the 
observance of it cannot therefore extend be- 
yond the Israelites considered as a political 


body. 


37th Q.— What part of the Law was cere- 
monial ? 

A.—That which related ‘to their publies 
worship, and was designed to prepare their 


“minds for the reception of the Messiah; of 


whose mediatorial work and office, all. the 
washings, purifications, and sacrifices ens 
joined by it, were typical or figurative > it 
is consequently fulfilled and superseded by 
the coming of Christ the Antitype.. - : 


See the Proofs to the next ‘Answer, ee pn ee 
88th Q.—How did the ceremonial Law 
point to Christ? 
A.—One or two instances will: suffice to 
illustrate its allusion to Christ: The scape 
goat, upon whose head, * all the i es 
of the children of Pape oh were. laid, and 


rs 


+e, 
38 ("ae 


the continual sacrifices for sins, whether wil- — 
ful or ignorant, to make atonement* for the 
sins of the people, clearly advert to Christ, 
upon whom was laid “ the iniquity of us all;” 
and who, by the one sacrifice of himself, 
became an atonement or “ propitiation for 
the sins of the whole world.” 
be 
Heb. ix. 1, Then verily the first covenant had also 
ordinances of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary. 
2. For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein 
was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread ; 
which is called the sanctuary. 3. And after the’second 
vail, the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of all; 
4. Which had the golden censer, and the ark of the 
covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was 
the golden pot that had manna, and. Aaron’s rod that 
budded, and the tables of the covenant; §. And over 
it the cherubims of glory shadowing the mercy-seat ; of 
which ‘we cannot now speak particularly. 6. Now 
when these things were thus ordained, the priests went 
always into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the ser- 
vice of God, 7. But into the second went the high 
priest alone once every year, not without blood, which 
he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people : 
8. The Holy Spirit this signifying, that the Way into the 
holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while as the 
first tabernacle was yet standing: 9. Which was a fi- 
- gure for the time then pr¢sent, in which were offered 
eo gifts and sacrifices, that could not make him that 
id'the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience 5 


7 Atonement signifies agreement and concord. “In the Scrip- 
tures if is’ mostly, if not always, applied to the medium chosen 
by God to remove whateyer obstructs the concord and union be- 
tween himself and his creatire man ; and is therefore applied to 
the Jewish sacrifices, because they were types of Christ, who is 
* grand and special medium of reconciliation between God and 
an. . 


39 


. - 10. Which stood only in meats and drinks, and divers 
washings and carnal ordinances, imposed on them until 
the time of reformation. 11. But Christ being come 
an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and 
more perfect tabernacle not made with hands; 12. 
Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his 
own blood; he entered in once into the holy place, 
having obtained eternal redemption for us. 19, When 
Moses had spoken every precept to all the people ac- 
cording to the law, he took the blood of calves and 
goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and 
sprinkled both the book, and all the people. 20. Say- 
ing, This is the blood of the testament which God hath 
enjoined unto you. 21. Moreover, he sprinkled like- 
wise with blood both the tabernacle, and all the vessels 
ofthe ministry. 22. And almost all things are by the 
law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood 
isno remission. 23. It was therefore necessary that 
the pattertls of things in the heavens should be purified 
with these ; but the heavenly things themselves with 
better sacrifices than these. 24. For Chrikt is not en- 
tered into the holy places made with hands, which are 
figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear 
in the presence of God forus: 25. Nor yet that he 
should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth 
into the holy place, every year with blood of others; } 
26. For then must he often have suffered since the foun- 
dation of the world; but now once in the end of the 
world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice 
of himself. at ae 

Heb. x. i. For the lawyhaving a shadow of good 
things to come, and not the very image of the, things; 
can never with those sacrifices, which they offered year 
by year, continually, make the comers thereunto per-— 
fect. 4. For it is not possible that the blood of bulls 
and of goats should take away sins. 5. Wherefore, 
when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and 
offering thou wouldst not, but a body hast thou prepared 
me: 6. In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou 


? é 
a : + 


Cd 


40 


hast had no pleasure. 7. Then said I, Lo, I come to 

do thy will, O God. 8. Above, when he said, Sacrifice 
and offering, and burnt-offerings, and offering for sin 
thou'wouldst not, neither hadst pleasure therein (which 
are offered by the law.) 9. Then said he, Lo, I come 
to do thy will, O God. He taketh away the first, that 
he may establish the second. 10. By the which will 
we are sanctified, through the offering of the body of 
Jesus Christ once for all. 

Heb. xiii. 11. For the bodies of sige beasts whose 
blood is brought into the sanctuary by the high priest 
for sin, are burnt without the camp. 12. Wherefore 
Jesus also, that he might sanctify the people with his 
own blood, suffered without the gate. 

See also the 7th and 8th chapters of the Hebrews. 

Gal. iii. 16. Now to Abraham and his seed were the 

»promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many ; 
but asof one, And to thy seed, which is Christ. 17. 
Anda sI say, that the covenant, that was confirmed 

before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hun- 

: err and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that itshould 
make the promise of none e nS 18. For if the inhe- 
ritance be of the law, it is no more of promise; but God 

gaye itto Abraham by promise. 19. Wherefore then 

Serveth the law? It was added because of trangressions, « 
till the seed should come, to whom the promise was 
made. 21. Is the law then against the promises of God? 
God forbid: for if there had been a law given which 

gould have given life, verily, righteousness should have 
been by the law. 22. But the Scripture hath concluded 

_allunder sin, that the promise by faith of Jesus Christ 

“might be given to them that believe. 23. But before 
faith came, we were kept-under the law, shut up unto 
‘the faith, which should afterwards be revealed. 24. 

“Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us 
unto Christ, that we might be justified by faith. 25. 

But after that faith is come, we are no longer under a 

«schoolmaster. 26. For ye are all the children = by 
Me ae in Christ Jesus. ie 


41 


39th Q.—In what did the moral part of 
the Law consist? 


A.—lIt is principally comprised in the ten 
commandments, which are. as follow : 


ist. Thou shalt have no other Gods be- 
fore me. 


2d. Thou shalt not make unto thee. any 
graven image, or the likeness of any thing, 
that is in heaven above, or that is im the earth 
beneath, or that is in the water under the 
earth. Thou shalt not bow down. thyself to 
them nor serve them: for I the Lord thy 
God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquities 
of the fathers upon the children unto the 
third and fourth generation oi them that 
hate me: and shewing mercy unto thousands 
of them that love me, and keep my com- 
mandments. 


3d. Thou shalt not take themame of the 
Lord thy God in vain > for the Lord will not 
hold him guiltless that taketh his name in 
vain. 


Ath. Remember the sabbath-day, to keep 
it holy. Six days shalt thou labour, and do 
all thy work: But the seventh day is the 
sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou 
shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, 
nor thy daughter, thy man-servant, nor thy 
maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor the stranger 
that is within'thy gates. For in six days the 
‘Lord made heaven, and earth, the sea, and 

D2 - ; 


p, 


42 


_all that in them is, and rested the seventh 


day: wherefore the Lord blessed the sabbath 
day, and hallowed it.* 

5th. Honour thy father and iy mother : 
that thy days may be long upon the land 
which the Lord thy God giveth thee. 

6th. Thou shalt not kill. 

7th. Thou shalt not commit Meaiiers, 

8th. Thou shalt not steal. "* 

9th. Thou shalt not bear false witness 
against thy neighbour. se 

10th. Thou shal: not covet thy neighbour’s 
house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s 
wife, nor his man servant, nor his maid 
servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing 
that sis thy neighbour’s. See Exod. xx. 
3—17, 


Pod. xxxi. 18. And he [the Lord] gave uato Moses, 


when he had made an end of communing with him up- 


on mount Sinai; two tables of testimony, tables of stone, 
written with the finger of God. 

‘Deut, iv.12. And the Lord spake unto you out of 
the midst of the fire: ye heard the voice of the words, 
but saw no similitude ; only ye heard a voice. 13, And 
he declared unto you his covenant, which he commanded 
you to perform, even ten commandments, and he wrote 

bia upon two tables of stone. 


© 40th Q.—Are these. ‘diame! of 
Save obligation at “the present day ? 


* In Deut. v. 15, a further reason aehene for ae icu 


servance of the seventh day is, that it was thei 


_, departure of the Israelites” out.of Egypt, oa "they, had been 


bs ae 


tae detained in a state of cruel bondage. — 


7 
4 


“ 


43 


_A.—Those which relate to the moral law 
certainly are; but the fourth, being a part 
of the Jewish ritual, is abrogated by the 
coming of Christ. The day set apart by 
Christians, for the purposes of divine worship, 
and rest from their worldly occupations, is 
not the seventh, to which day only the com- 
mandment applies, but the first day of the 
week. 


Matty. 17. Think not that I am come to destroy 
the law and the prophets: I am not come ‘to destroy, 
but to fulfil. 

Matt. vii. 12. Therefore all things whatsoever ye 
would that men should do to you, do ye even so to 
them: for this is the law and the prophets. 

James ii. 8. If ye fulfil the royal law according to 
the Scripture, Thou shalt-love thy neighbour as thyself, 
ye do well. 

Rom. viii. 2. The law of the Spirit of life, in Christ 
Jesus, hath made me free from the law of simand death. 
3. For what the law could not do, in‘that it was weak 
through the flesh, God sending his.own Son, in the 
likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin‘in 
the flesh: 4, That the righteousness of the law might 
be fulfilled in us, who walk not after the flesh, but after 
the Spirit. 

Rom. iii. 21. But now the righteousness of God 
without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the 
law and the prophets; 22. Even the righteousness of 
God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all, and 
upon all them that believe ; for there is no difference: 
23. For all have sinned, and come short of the glory 
of God ; 24. Being justified freely by bis grace through 
the rec emption that is in Jesus Christ. 27. Where is 
boasting then? It is exclude. By what law? of works 
Nay: but by the law of faith, 31. Do we then make 


44. x 


void the law through faith 2? God forbid: yea, we esta- 
blish the law. i 


Alst Q.—Is the first day the Christian 
Sabbath as the seventh day was the Jewish? 


“A.—No, for though, from a sense of duty, 
We set apart that day for devotional purposes, 
the Christian sabbath, ef which the Jewish 
Was typical, applies to no one day in pre- 
ference to another; but to that advanced 
state of religious experience, in which the 
Christian rests from his own works, — 


Isaiah xi. 10. And in that day there shall be a root 
of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people ; 
to it shall the Gentiles seek : and his rest shall be glo- 
rious. 
~ Matt. xi. 28. Come unto me, all ye that labour and 
. are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. 29. Take 
“my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek 
and lowly in heart; and ye shall find rest unto your 

souls. s ve 

Heb iv. 1. Let us therefore fear, lest, a promise 
being left us of entering into his rest, any of you sheuld 
seem to come short-of it. 2. For unto us was. the 
gospel preached, as well as unto them [the Israelites] ; 
but the word preached did not profit them, not being 
mixed with faith in them that heard it. 3. For we 
‘which have believed do enter into rest. 9. There re- 
‘maineth therefore a rest to the people of God. 10, For 
he that is entered into his rest, he also hath ceased from 
his own works, as God did from his. 


42d Q.—What is the substance of t the Law, 
as expressed by our Lord and his Apostles ? 


45 


= 


. A.—Itis to love the Lord our God with 
our whole heart, without any reserve, and 
to love our neighbour as ourselves. <. 


Mark xii. 28. And one of the scribes came, and 
asked him, Which is the first commandment of all? 
29. And Jesus answered him, The first of all the com- 
mandments isy Hear, O Israel, the Lord ovr God is one 
Lord: 30. And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with 
all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, 
and with all thy strength: this is the first command- 
ment. 31. And the second is like, namely, this, Thou 
shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. There is none 
other commandment greater than these... 

Matt. xxii. 40. On these two commandments hang 
all the law and the prophets. ~~ 

Rom. xiii.8. Love one another 5. for he that loveth 
another, hath fulfilled the law. 9. For this, Thow 
shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou 
shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou 
shalt not covet ; and if there be any other commanrd- 
ment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, 
Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. 10. Love 
worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the 
fulfilling of the law, 


43d Q.—Is man able to keep the com- 
mandments of God ? . 


A.—It is impossible for man, unassisted by 
the grace of God; but through the Spirit 
of Christ strengthening him, he can do all 
that is required of him; for the gracious and 
allwise Creator does not require impossibili- 
ties of any of his creatures, by enjoining what 
tte does not give power to perform, © ~ 


46 


John xv. 4. As the branch cannot bear! fruit of it-. 
self. except it abide in the vine; mo more ¢an ye, ex- 
cept ye abide in me. 5. I am the vine, ye are the 
branches ; he that abideth in me, and I in him, the same 
bringeth forth much fruit / for without me ye can do 
nothing. 

. Vii. 18. I know that in me, (that is in my 
flesh) dwelleth no good thing ; for to will is present 
with me ; but how to perform that whichis good I find 
not. 3 se 
~ John xiv. 18. ° I will not leave you comfortless ; I 
will come to you. 


2 Cor. xii. 9. And he [the Lord] ’said Snetien ie 
grace is sufficient for thee ; for my strength is made 
perfect in weakness. ; - 
Neh. ix. 20, Thou gavest also thy. good Spirit to in- 
struct them. ‘ nd 
Phil. iv: 13. Tican do all things through Christ’ 
which strengtheneth me. _ ! 
», i 


A 
a 


. 
“oy, 


R 5 
ei. ba SECT. IV. 


py aes , : 5 
» 44th Q.—Were the Israelites. favoured 
with any further declaration of the diving 
will than what was Contained in the Law o 
Moses ? a 7 

A.—Yes, God sent, from time to time, 

_ prophets to them ; either to encourage them, 
when they loved and feared him, or, to de- 
nounce the judgments he would inflict on 
them, if they forsook him and disobeyed his 
commands. A tho 

saith the 

Lord, and be strong, © Joshua, son of Jos ch the high 

priest, and» be strong all ye Peoplegt the and, saith 


F Pi 
Hag. ii. iv. Be strong, O Zerubbabel, 


ra 


« 


? 


& 
ss . 


47 


the Lerdvage work ; for I am with you, saith the Lord 
of hosts; 5. According to the word that I covenarted 
with you when ye came out of Egypt, so my Spirit re- 
Maineth among you ; fear ye not. pd 
- Zech.i.16. Thus saith the Lord; I am returned to 
Jerusalem with mercies; my house shall be builded in 
it, saith the Lord of hosts, and a line shall be stretched 
forth upon Jerusalem. 17. Cry yet, saying, Thus saith 
the Lord of hosts; My cities through prosperity shall 
yet be spread abroad ; and the Lord shall yet comfort 
Zion, and shall yet choose Jerusalem. 

2 Chron. xxiv. 18. And they left the house of the 
Lord God of their fathers, and served groves and idols ; 
abd wrath'came upon Judah and Jerusalem for this their 
trespass. 19. Yet he sent. prophets to them to bring 
them again unto the Lord; and they testified against 
them ; but they would not give ear... 20. And the Spi- 
rit of God came upon Zechariah the son of Jehoiada the 
priest, which stood above the people, and said unto them, 
Thus saith God, Why transgress ye the commandments 
of the Lord, that ye cannot prosper? because ye have 
forsaken the Lord, he hath also forsaken you. 21. And 
they conspired against him, and stoned him with stones 
at the commandment of the king, in the court of the 
house of the Lord. 

2 Chron. xxxvi. 15. And the Lord God of their fa- 
thers sent to them by his messengers, rising up betimes, 
and sending ; because he had compassion on his people, 
andon his dwelling-place; 16. But they mocked the 
messengers of God, and despised his words, and misused 
his prophets. 


45th Q.—Did Moses and the prophets 
foretel the coming of Christ? 

A.—They did, but none more explicitly 
than Isaiah, who has so fully described the 
person and mediatorial office. of Christ, that 
he is often called the evangelical prophet. 


2. 


“As priest for ever, after the,order of Melchizedec. 


: mati 


43 
_ Deut. xviii. 17. And the Lord said - 18. 


“Iwill raise them up a Prophet from among ‘their bre= 


thren, like unto thee, and will put my words in- his 
mouth ; and he shall speak unto’ them all that I shall 
command him. 19. And it shall come to pass, that 
whosoever will not hearken unto my words which he 
shall speak i in my name, I will require it of him. 

‘Ps. ii. 6. Ihave set my king upon y holy hill of 

ion. 7. I will declare the decree; the Lord hath said 
unto me; Thou art my son, this day. have I begotten 
thee. 8. Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen 
for thine’ ‘inheritance, and the . ‘parts of er 
earth for thy possession. 

Ps. xxii. 7. All they. that see me, laugh Bho stor scorn 
they Shoot out the lip, they shake the head, saying, 8. 
He trusted in the Lord, that he would deliver him ; let 
‘him deliver him, seeing he delighted in him. 16. They 
pierced ‘my ‘hands and my feet. 18. They part my 
garments among: them, and*eagt lots upon my ves: 
ture.” 
MPs. Ixix. 21. They gave meralso gall foriny meat ; ; 


and i in my thirst they gave me Vinegar to drink. na f* 
. “hel 


Ps. xvi. 10 Thou wilt not leave my soul in 


neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see a z 


tion. * 


Ps. cx. I : ~The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou © 


at my right hand, until I make thine enemies pe foot- 
stool. 2. The Lord shall-send the rod of 

out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine parce, 
4. The Liord hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art 


“Jer, xxiii, 5. Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, 
that Tewill raise»unto Davida righteous) Branch 
king shall'reign and prosper, and shall exec eile 
ment and justice in the carth. 6. In his days Judah 
Shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely ; and this 
is his name whereby he shall be called, Th "Lord our 


_Righteousness, , Wa. 


Dan. vii-/ 13, “I saw-in the night Biosss: and be- 


‘hold, one likse the son of man, came with the clouds of 


£ 
% oo] 
° Ps, . 


" Se ; 


~ 1 


r s 


49 


heaven, aNd came to the Ancient of days, and they 
brought him nearbefore him. 14. Andthere was given 
him dominion and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, 
nations and languages, should serve him: his dominion 
is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, 
and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed. 

Micah y. 2. But thou Bethlehem Ephrata, though 
thou be little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of 
thee shall he come forth unto me, that is to be ruler in 
Israel; whose goings forth have been from of old; from 
everlasting. 

Zech. ix. 9. Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion ; 
shout, O Daughter of Jerusalem; behold, thy king” 
cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation ; 
lowly, and riding upon an assy, and-upon a colt the foal 
of an ass. 

Zech. xiii. 7. Awake, O sword, against my shep- 
herd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the 
Lord of hosts ; smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall 
be scattered ; and I will turn my hand ee the little 
ones. 

Mal. iii YT Behold, I will send my messenger, and 
he shall prepare the way before me; and the Lord 
whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his temple ; even 
» the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight i in 5 be- 
hold he shall come, saith the Lord of hosts. . 


46th Q.—What has Isaiah oibieaad of 
Christ? — ie 


A.—That he ‘should take upon him our 
nature by being born of a virgin, and be 
called Immanuel, or God with us; that he 
should be wounded for our transgressions, 
lay down his life for the. sins of the world, 
and become an nsergceae for sinners, © 


~e 
6 ogi 


‘i F 
50 


_ Isaiah vii. 14. The Lord himselfshall g 
sign, Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bea 
and shall call hisname Immanuel. 


rd 


_ Isaiah ix. 2. The people that walked in darkness — 


have seen a great light; they that dwell in the land of 
the shadow of death, upon them hath the light shined. 
6. For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given 5 
and the government shall be upon his shoulders 5 
ad his name shall be called, Wonderful, Counsellor, 
The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince 

Peace, 7. Of the increase of his government and 
peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, 
and upon, his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it 
with judgment and with justice, from henceforth even 
for ever, .. + Ps 

Isaiah xxviii. 16. Thus saith the Lord God, Behold, 
I lay in ‘Zion for a foundation, a stone, a tried stone, 
a sure foundation; he that believeth shall not make 
haste.* Seevalso ch. viil. 14. 

Isaiah xlix. 6. And he [the Lord] said, It is a light 
thing that thou shouldst be my servant to raise up the 
tribes of Jacob, and to restore the:preserved’ of Israel : 
‘I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou 
maystibe my salvation unto the end ofthe earth. _ 

Isaiah liii. 1. Who hath believed our report? and’to 


whom is the armofthe Lordrevealed? 2. For he shall . 


<vow up before himas a tender plant, and as a root out 
of a dry ground. 3. He is despised and rejected of 


men; a man of sorrows, ‘and acquainted With | Fes 


and we hid as it were our faces fromshim ; he was 
despised, and we esteemed him not, 4. Surely he hath 


_borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows; yet wedid ~ ‘ 


‘esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflict 
5. But he was wounded for our transgressions, he * 
bruised for our iniqnuities,; the chastisement of our peace 
was upon him ; and with his stripes we are healed. 6 
All we like sheep have gone astray ; we have turned 


yy 
Y 


’ tu : j 
_ | * Bishop Lowth translates it, «+ He that usage th in bim shall 
) mot be confounded? i 
Lae ts ie 7 


; 


51 


every onal own way ; and the Lord hath laid on 
him thee my of usall. 7. He was oppressed, and 
he was" ied yet he opened not his mouth ; he is 
brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a "sheep 
before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his 
mouth. 8..He was taken froma prison and from judg- 
ment ; and whoshall declare his generation ?’ for he was 


‘cut off out of the land of the living: for the trans- 


gression of my people was he stricken. 9. And he 
made his Srave with the wicked, and with the*rich in 
his death; because he had done no violence, neither 
was any deceit in his mouth. 10. Yet it pleased the 
Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when 
thou shalt. make his soul an offering for sin, he shall 
see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure 
of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. 112° He shall 
see of the travail of his soul, and:shall be satisfied; by 
his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many, 
for he shall bear their iniquities. 12. Therefore will I 
divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide 
the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out 
his soul unto death; and he was numbered with the 
transgressors ; and he bare the sin of many, and made 
intercession for the transgressors. _ 

~ Isaiah Ixi. 1. The spirit of the Lord God is upon 
me, because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good 
tidings unto the meek, he hath sent me to bind up the 
broken- hearted, to proclaim liberty..to the captives, 
and the opening of the prison to them that are bound ; 


2. To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord, and 


the day of vengeance of our God, to comfort all that 
mourn. 3. To appoint to them that mourn in Zion, 
to give unto them beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for 
mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heavi- 
ness, that they might be called trees of righteousness, 
the planting of the Lord, that he might be glorified. . 
Isaiah Ixiii. 1. Whois this that cometh from Edom, 
with died garments from Bozrah ? this thatis glorious in 
his apparel, travelling in the greatness of his strength ? 
I that: ‘speak in ees mighty/to save, 2. 


ent ate Se oe 


52 
Wherefore art thou redin thine Tae ot gar- 
win 


ments like him that treadeth in the 

trodden the Aggriner poe alone ; and of the | there 
was none wit b Oe 4. For the of vengeance is in. 
mine heart, and the year of my redeemed is come. 5. 


‘And I looked, and there was none to help; pues 
wondered that there was none to uphold; there 


mine own arm brought salvation unto me; and my ' 


fury it upheld me. See also ch, lixe 165 ie 
"Isaiah 1.6. I gave my back to the smiters, and my 


“cheeks to them that plucked off the hair; I hid not my — 


face from shame and spitting, 
- Isaiah xxxv. 3. Strengthen ye the weak hands, a 
confirm the feeble knees. 4. Say to them thas are 
fearful heart, Be strong, fear not; behold, y 
will come with vengeance, even God witha tan. 4 
he will come and saye you, _5. Then the eyes of the 
blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf. shall be 
unstopped: 6. Then shall thelame man leap as an hart, 
‘ pid. the tongue of ite dumb sing. . 


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“Ys 


CHAPTER IIL * 


* 3 a 
—<—$—$—J 


om SECT. I. 


47th Q.—Were the prophecies, as to the 
manner in which Christ should assume human 
nature, and suffer therein, fulfilled in every 
particular? 


A.—They were: Christ was conceived by 
the power of the. Holy Spirit, and born 
of the virgin Mary, in the days of Augustus 
Cesar, the first emperor of Rome; hved a 
‘life of poverty, and was put to the igno- 
minious death of the cross, at the instigation 
ofthe Jews, by Pontius Pilate, the governor 

‘of Judee in the time of Tiberius -Czsar, the 
successor of Augustus ; but on the mudare day 
he rose ee dead. 


_ Matt. i 20. Behold, the angel of the Lord peat 
to him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, 
fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that. 
which is conceived in her, is of the Holy Spirit. 21.. 
And she shall bring fortita son, and thou shalt call his 
name Jesus; for he shall save his people from their sins. 
22. (Now all this) was done.that it might be rade 

E?.. 


oe 


which was spoken of the re the prop saying, 
"23. Behold, a virgih shall be with ‘child, Il bring 
forth a sony. and they shall call his name E manuel, 
which being interpreted, is, Go hus.) 

Matt. xxvi. 67. Then did they spit in his [Jesus] 

~ face, and buffeted him ; and others smote him with the 
“palms of their hands. 

Matt; xxvii. 30. And they spit upon him, and took 
the’reed, and smote him. 34. They gave him vinegar 
‘to drink, mingled with gall; and when he tasted thereof, 

whe would not drink. 41. The chief priests mocking 
him, with the scribes and elders, said, 45. He trusted 
in God, let him deliver him now if he will. bers, kins 
for he said, I am the Son of God. 

. Mark i. 1. The beginning of the gospel ow is 

~ Christ the Son of God; 2. As it is written in the pro- 
phets, Behold, 1 send my messenger before thy face, 
which shall prepare thy way before thee. - 

Mark xiv. 27. And Jesus saith unto them, All ye 
a be offended because of me, this night: for it is 

written, I will smite the Shepherd, and the sheep shall 
be scattered. 

Mark xv. 3., And the chief priests accused him of 
many things; but he answered nothing. 4, And — 
asked him again, saying, Answerest thou nothing ? 

dec how many things they witness against thee. © 

t Jesus yet answered nothing ; so that Pilate ‘ise 
velled. 27. And with him they crucify two ee 
the one on his right ‘hand, and the slr ae hi 
28. And the Scripture was fulfilled, Baicly, an ‘ee | 
he was numbered with the transgressc y 

Luke ii. 25. And, behold, there ‘w ‘aman in Jera- % 

salem, whose name was Simeon; and the same mar Bs 
stand devout. 26. And it was revealed unt by 
* the Holy Spirit, that he should not see death before he 
had seen the Lord’s Chrisi. 27. And he came by the 
Spirit into the temple, and when the Paras 


* ad Niéwenonse translates this phrasewhereve’ apm be air 
Ge was.ful filled which the Lord spake eae ae } 


a 
2 eee 


55 


the J to do for him after the custom of the 
law. eam took he him up in his arms, and 
lhlececilliGod, id, 29. Lord, now. lettest thoe 
thy servant oad ‘peace, according to thy word: 
30. For mine eyes ‘have seen thy salvation, 31. Which 
thou hast prepared before the face of all peoples 32... 


light to lighten the Gentiles, and the glory of bys 
Isr 


Luke iy. 17. “And there was delivered unto him 
[Jesus] the book of the prophet Esaias: and when he 
had opened the book, he found the place where it was 
written, 18. The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, be- 
cause he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the 
poor ; he hath sent me to heal the’ broken-hearted, to 
preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of 
‘sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised ; 
19. To preach the acceptable year of the Lord. 20. 
And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the 
minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that 
were in the synagogue were fastened on him. 21. And 
he: began to say unto them, This day is this Seripture 
fulfilled in your ears. 22. And all bare him witness, - 
and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded 
aut of his mouth. 


Luke vii. 19. And John, calling unto him two of 


this disciples, sent them to Jesus, saying, Art thou he 
#hat should come? or look we for another? 21. And 


i that same hour he cured many of their infirmities and 


es, and of evil spirits: amd unto many that were 
blind he gavesight. 22. Then Jesus answering, said 


; ee them, Go your way and tell John what things ye 


seen and beara how that the blind see, the lame 
he lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are 
oachilate the poor the gospel is preached. 23. And 
blessed is he, whosoeyer shall not be offended in me. 
John xii.37. But though he {Jesus] had done so 
many miracles before them, yet they believed’ net on 
him: 38. That the saying of Esaias the ‘prophet might 
be fulfilled, which he spake, Lord, who hath believed 


56 


our report? and to whom hath thes 
been revealed? 


ne 'd 
John xix. 23. Then the “ie since had- 


crucified Jesus, took his garmen made four parts, 
to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the 
coat was without seam, woven from the top throughs 
out: 24. They said therefore among themselves, Let 
us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shal) be: that 
the Scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They 
parted my raiment among them, and for ‘my vesture 
they did cast lots. 


Acts i. 1. The former treatise’ have I made, 0 
‘Theophilus, of all that Jesus began both to do and 
‘teach. 2. Until the day in which he was taken up, 
after that he, through the Holy Spirit, had given com- 
mandments unto the Apostles whom he had chosen: 
3. To whom also he shewed himself alive after his 
‘passion, by many infallible proofs, being seen of them 
forty days, and speaking of the — pertaining to the 
kingdom of God. 


Acts xiii. 32. And we [Paul a Barnabas) declare 
unto you glad tidings, how that the promise which was 
‘made unto the fathers, 33. God hath fulfilled the s; 
unto us their children, in that he hath raised up Jesus 
again ; as it is written in the second psalm, Thou art 
my Son, this day have I begotten thee. 35. Wherefore 
he saith also in another psalm, Thou shalt not suffer 
thine Holy One to see corruption. oY: 


Acts xiii. 46. Then Paul and Barnabas ms bold, 
and said, It was necessary that the word of God should 
first have been spoken to you [the Jews]; but seeing 
ye put it from you, and judge yourselves bow 
everlasting life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles :47. 
so hath the Lord commanded us, saying, I have set 
thee to be a light to the Gentiles, that ‘thou shouldest — 
be for salvation unto the ends of the earth. /48. And 
when the Gentiles heard this, they were "lad, and 
glorified the case = the Bord. 4 
ae > & 4 a os 


ot 


57 


2 Cor. aby Moreover, brethren, I declare unto 
you the gospel which I preached unto you, which afso 
ye have weceived,,and wherein ye stand; 3. For I 
delivered unto you fist of all that which Lalso received, 
how that Christ died for our sins according to the 
Scriptures; 4. And that he was buried, and that he 
Tose again the third day according to the Scriptures: 
5. And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve : 
6. After that he was seen of above five hundred brethren 
at once, 

Heb.iv.14. Seeing then that we have a great high 
priest; that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of 
of God, let us hold fast our profession. 

_Heb. v. 4. And no man taketh this honour unte 
himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. 
5. So also Christ glorified not himself to be {made an 
high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my 
son, to-day have I begotten thee. 6. As he saith alse 
in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the 
order of Melchesedec. 4 

1 Peter ii.2. Asnecw born babes, desire the sintere 
milk of the word, that'ye may grow thereby: 3. If 
so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious. 4. To 
whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed 
of men, but chosen of God, and precious. 5. Ye also, 
as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy 
priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable 

-to God by Jesus Christ. 6. Wherefore also it is con= 
tained in the Scripturé, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief 
€orner-stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on 
him shall not be confounded. 7. Unto you therefore 
which believe, he is precious ; but unto them which be 
disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the 
same is made the head of the corner, 8. And a stone of 
stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which 
stumble at the word, being disobedient. 

Rey. xix. h!. And I saw heaven opened, and be- 
hold a white horse; and he that sat upon him was 
called Faithful and. True; and in righteousness he doth 
judge and make war, 12. His eyes were as a flame of 


ze 
fire, and on his head were many efowns dhe hada 
name written, -that no man knew bu! f. 13. And 
he was ‘othed wtih a vesture dipped in ulcot and his 
name is called La Word of. rey 15. And out of ad 


arid Me Sagas the wine-press of the fierceness of the 
wrath of Almighty God. 16. And he hath on his 
vesture and on his thigh a name written, KING OF 
cima AND LORD OF LORDS. 


48th Q.— Wherefore did Christ ioe aside 
his divine glory, and take upon him our 
nature ? 


A,—It pleased divine wisdom that he should 
so become an atonement, reconciliation, or 
_ propitiation for fallen man, aye a matpaiacor 

between God and man. 


Rom, iii. 24. Being justified freely b , grace, 
‘through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus: 25. 
Whom God hath set forth to bea propitiation, through 
faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness, for the 
remission of sins that are past, through the 5 Na: icy 
of God. 

Rom. v. 10, For if when we were enemies, we were- 
reconciled to God by the death of his Son ; a more, 
being reconciled, we shall be saved by his lifes 1t.And 
Not only so, but. wwe also joy in God, through our Lord 
‘Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the s 
ment. 

2 Corey. 18. And all things are ek God, wily? “ath 
reconciled us to himself by Jesus Christ, and hath given 
to us the ministry of reconciliation 5 ~ 9. ‘Oo wit, that_ 
God was in Christ, reconciling the world: dito himself, 

not imputing their trespasses unto ke 

1 Tim. ii. 5. For,there is one God, d one Sealed: 
between, God and man, the man ae vine 


es 


“ 


RS we , 


59 


gave himself a1 ransom for all, to be tefitedl in due 
time. 

1 John iv. 9. God sent his only begotton "Seng into 
the world, that we might live through him. 10, Herein 
is love, not that we loved God, but that he loved usy 
and sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins. 

Rev. v. 9. And they sung a new song, saying, Thou 
art worthy to take the book, and fo open the seals 
thereof: for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to 
God by thy blocd, out of every kindred, anfl tongue, 
and people, and nation. “@ 

Heb. ii. 16. For verily he took not on him the 
nature of angels; but he took on him the seed of 
Abraham. 17. Wherefore in all things it behoved him 
to be made like unto his brethren ; that he might be a 
merciful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make 
reconciliation for the sins of the people. » 


49th Q. —Why did mai stand in need of 
such aypropitiation ? 


et —Singwhich ‘separates from God, having 
been introduced into the world bythe dis: 
obedience of Adam (as already, stated) rilen 
man possessed no power to regain che divine 
image, and restore the Harmony of the first — 
creation : therefore Christ, who had all power, 
came, that he might destroy sin, aud, repair 
pas breach it had made in the creation. of 

od. 


‘Gee. the Proofs to the next Wisiwer: 


50th Q. —How did Christ effect, this al-im 
portant object? © : 


A.—He successfully withstood every ve a : 
‘tation of the devil, and oir up his life 


&O 


on the cross, as a sacrifice for sins by which 
sacrifice, as he triumphed over death, hell, 
and the grave, in his own person, so he en- 
ables his followers to obtain the like victory, 
by which they are reconciled and reunited to 
God, from whom they were before eparniee, 
by ‘their sins. 


> 

Heb. ix. 14. Forasmuch then as the children are 
partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise 
_ took part: of the same; that through death he might 
destroy him that had the power of death, that is, ‘pe 
devil. . 

1 Peter ii. 24. Who in his own self bare our sins in 
his own body on the tree, that we being dead to sin, 
should live unto rigbtcousipaas by whose stripes ye 
were healed. 

1 Jobn i, 8.) He foat committeth me is of the 
devil ; for the devil sinneth frotn the beginning. For 

. this purpose the Son of God was ‘manifested, ‘that he 
might destroy the works of the devil. 

Matt: iv. 1. Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit ' into 
the w riitaeriespi tobe) tempted of the devil. 10. Then 
saith tings unto him, Get thee hence, | Satan: forvit is 
writtén, Thou shalt wo ship the Lord thy God, and him 

only’ shalt thou serve. . Then YS leayeth him, 
and behold angels came a ministered to him. 

Isaiah xxv. 8. He will swallow up death in victory. - 

Hosea xiii. 14. 1 will ransom them from the power 
of the grave’: I will redeem them from death: O 
I will be thy plagues; O Grave, I il, be bah des 
tion. 

Rom. vi. 9. Knowing that res ised el 
the dead, digg no more ; death h dominion 
over him. . ; 

Rev. i. 18. i: am he that liveth and was Pda 3 and, 
Behold, Iam alive for evermore, Pak have a. 
keys of hell and death. | 


61) 


Eph. ii. 48. But now in Christ Jesus, ye, whe 
sometimes were far off, are made nigh by the blood of 
Christ. 18. For through him we both have an access by - 
one Spirit unto the Father. 19. Now therefore ye ate 
no more strangers and foreigners, but fellow- citizens 
with the saints, and of the household of God. P 

Eph. vi. 11. Put on the whole armour of God; that 
ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. 
12. For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but ' 
against principalities, against powers, against the rulers 

‘of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wicked- 
ness in high places. 

1 Cor. xv. 57. But thanks be to God, which giveth 
us te victory through our Lord Jesus Christ. % 

om. xvi. 20. And the God of peace felt bruise” 
Satan under your feet shortly. 


51st Q.—How did Christ prove “fee vic- + 


tory over sin and death? 


A.—By his resurrection fiom ‘the anv 
As this “forded an indubitable and illustri- 
ous proof. of his being the Messiah, so it 


confirms our faith in his» power to destroy. 


sin, which had been the means of introducing” 
death; and also to raise up our baer like 
unto his glorious body. % 


om oe 


: . 


(is a fa 
Rom. vi. 4. Therefore we are buried with him. by 
baptism into death : that like as Christ was raised up 
from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we 
also should walk in newness of life. _5. For if we have 
been planted. together in the likeness of his death; we 
shall be also in the Jikeness of his resurrection. © 
1 Cor. vi. 14. And God hath both raised up’ ‘the 
Lord, and will also. raise up us by his own power, — 
_ 2 Cor. iv. 14. Knee that he bac vaised wet the: 
Big Pat eR 


. 


; 


m62 


present us with you. 

1 Cor. xv. 13, But if there be no resurrection of 
the dead, then is Christ not risen, 41. There is one 
glory of the sun, and another glory of the moon, and 
another glory of the stars ; for one star differeth from 
another star in glory. 42. So also ig the resurrection 
of the dead. It is sown in corruption’; it is raised in 
incorruption: 43. It is sown in dishonour, itis raised 
in glory: it is sown ia weakness, it is raised in power: 
44, It is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual 
body. : * 

1. John iii. 2. Beloved, now are we the sons of God, 
and it doth not yet appear what we shall be : but we 
know that when he shall appear, we shall be like him, } 


Lord Jesus, shall raise up us also by Jesus, and shall 


52d Q.—Do all men partake of the benefit 
of Christ’s coming and mediation ? — 

A.—Christ died for all men; for, by his 
death, all are put in a capacity for salvation;. 
but those only receive the full benefit of 
Christ’s death and mediation, who, accepting 
his offer of salvation, ‘ live not unto them- 
selves, but unto him who died for them.”? 


Heb. ii, 9.. But we see Jesus who was made a little 
lower than the angels for the suffering of death, crowned 
with glory and honour ; that he by the grace of God 
should taste death for every man. oe ene 

1 John it. 2. “And he [Jesus Christ] is the propitia- 
tion for our sins: and not for ours only, but also for the 
sins of the whole world. le 

1 Tim. ii. 1. I exhort therefore, that, first of all, 
supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of 
thanks be made for all men: 3. Forthis is good and 
acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour; 4. 

‘will have all men ‘to be saved, and to come unto the 
knowledge of the truth. mn % one 


‘> 


+ 


Pn 


63, 
John iii. 14. And as Moses lifted up the serpent in 
the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted 
up; 15. That whosoever believeth in him should not 
perish, but have eternal life. 17. For God sent not 
his Son into the world to condemn the world; but» that 
the world through him might be saved. % 
Rom. v. 18. Therefore as by the offence of one, 
judgment came upon all men to condemnation : even so 
by the righteousness of one, the free gift came upon all 
men unto justification of life. 
_ John xi. 25. Jesus saith unto her [Martha], I am 
the resurrection, and the life; he that believeth in me, 
though he were dead, yet shall he live; 26. Andawho- 
soever liveth, and believeth in me, shall never die. 

2 Cor. v. 14. For the love of Christ constraineth us, 
because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then 
were alldead: 15. And that he died for all, that they 
which live, should not henceforth live unto themselves, 
but unto him which died for them, and rose again. 

Gal. ii. 20. I am crucified with Christ: neverthe- 
less I live; yetnot I, but Christ liveth in me: and the 
life which I now live in the flesh, I live by the faith of 
the Son of God. 

tr 


SECT «Tk, 


53d Q.—How does Christ offer himself 
to mankind as a Saviour from sin? i 

A.—He offers himself immediately. and 
universally to mankind by his. Spirit. He 
also offers himself by the Scriptures; and. 
by his servants whom he commissions to 
preach the gospel.of life and salvation; and 
both these direct men to his Spirit within. 
them: which if they resist not, but receive 
into their hearts in’ living faith, he redeems 
them frém their fallen state of death and 


64 


‘ 


darkness, and translates them into a State 
of life and light; in which they become sons 
of God, and heirs of a happy and glories 
immortality. 


1 Cor. xii. 7. The manifestation of the Spirit is 
given to every man to profit withal. A tg ah 
* Gal. iv 6. God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son 
into your hearts. 

Eph. ii. 18. Through him [Christ] we ¢ both have 
access by one Spirit unto the Father. 4 

Eph. iv. 7. Unto every one of us is sini grace 
according to the measure of the giftof Christ. 

John v.39, Search the Scriptures ; for in them ye 
think ye have eternal life, and they are they which 
testify of me. 40. And ye will not come e that 
ye might have life. 

Rom. xv. 4.. Whatsoever things were ete afore- 
time were written. for our learning; that we through 
patience and comfort of the Scripts might have 
hope. * 

-2 Cor. v. 20. Now then we are ambassadors for 
Christ, as though God did beseech you by us: we pray 
you in Christ’s stead, be ye reconciled to God. - 

~ Acts xx. 52,. And now, brethren, I commend you 
és God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to 
build you up, and to give you an inheri itance among all 
them which are sanctified. 

John i. 12. But as many as received eee to them 
gave he power to become the sons of God, even ‘to 
them that believe omshis name. 

John i. 9. That was the true light, w which lighteth 
every man thaticometh into the worl . 

Col. i. 12.5 Giving. thanks unto the Father, which 
heth made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of 
the'saints in light. 13. Who hath delivered us from. 
the power of darkness, and hath eee ed us. into ‘the , 


kingdom of his dear Son. 
it Eo i £2 


65 
Titus iii. 7. That being justified by his grace, we 
should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal 
life. ne 


54th Q.—What is understood by living 


faith ? ae : 

A.—A firm trust in the power of Christ 
alone for righteousness and salvation ; and a 
confidential hope in the promises of God in 
Christ : it is indeed, as the Apostle describes 
it, «‘ the substance of things hoped for,*the 
evidence of things not seen.” 


See the Proofs to the following Answer. 


55th Q.—Is not faith then essential to a. 
Christian ? 
~ A.—Certainly, “ for without faith it isim-- 

possible to please God.” 


Mark ix. 23. Jesus said unto him, If thou canst 
believe, all things are possible to him that believeth. 

Luke vii. 48. And he [Jesus] said unto her, Thy 
sins are forgiven. 50. Thy faith hath saved thee; gor 
in peace. 

Rom. i. 17. For therein [in the Gospel] is the right-- 
eousness of God revealed from faith to faith; as it is 
written, The just shall live by faith. ‘ 

Rom, iv. 20. He [Abraham] staggered not at the: 


promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in — 


faith, giving glory toGod: 21. And:being fully per-+ 

suaded that what he had promised, he was able also® to» 

perform. 22. And therefore it was imputed to him for- 

righteousness. 23. Now it was. not written. fof his, 

sake alone, that. it. was Ps tohim,;. 24. But for. 
9 


” 


66 ~ 


us also, to whom it shall be imputed, if we peta “4 
him that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead. © 

Heb. x. 35. Cast not away therefore your sboli- 
dence, which hath great recompence of reward. 36. 
For ye have need of patience; that after ye have done: 
the will of God, ye might receive the promise. 38. 
Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw 
back, my_ soul shall have no pleasure in him 


Heb. xi. 1. Now faith is the substi things 
hoped for, the evidence of things not seer hrough 
faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the 


word of God, so that things which are seen were not 
made of things which do appear. 4. "By faith Abel 
offered unto God a mcre excellent sacrifice than Cain. 
5. By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see 
death ; and was not found, ee God had translated 
him; for before his translation he had his testimony, 
that he pleased God. But without faith it is impossible 
«to please him. 

1 Peter i. 5. Who [you] are kept by the power of 
God through faith unto salvation, ready to be revealed 
in the last time. 6. Wherein ye greatly rejoice, though 

‘mow for a season, if need be, ye are in heaviness, 
throuch manifold temptations: 7. That the of 
your faith being much more precious than of gold that 
. perisheth, though it be tried with fire, might be found 
unto praise, and honour, and glory, at the appearing ¢ of 
Jesus Christ: 8. Whom having not seen, ye love: in’ 
‘whom though now ye see him not, yet believing, ye 
_Tejoice with joy unspeakable and full of glory. 


~ 56th Q:—To what is man indebted for this 
living faith? @: we 


A.—To the grace or Spirit. of God, ‘which 
; brings salvation, redeems from the corrupt 
fallen nature, andeforms in man’@ new birth 


or life unto holiness, te Par 
: 5 wi fA ¢ . 
Pa) 


67 


Gal, v. 22. But the fruit ofthe Spirit is love, joy; 
peace, goodness, faith, &c. 

Eph. iis 8. By grace are ye saved, through faith ; 
and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God. ue 

Heb. xii. 1. Let us lay aside every weight, and the 
sin which doth so easily beset us, and let us run with 
patience the race that is set before us, 2. — 
unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith. 

2 Peteri., 1. Simon Peter a servant and an apostle 
of Jesus Christ, to them that have obtained like precious 
faith with us, through the righteousness of God, and our 
Saviour Jesus Christ. 

John i. 124 But as many as received him, to them 
gaye he power to become the sons of God, even to them 
that believe on hisname: 13. Which were born, not 
of blood, nor of the wili of the flesh, nor of the will of 
man, but of God. ~ 

1 Peter i. 21.. Whoby him do belicseniin God that 
raised him up from the dead, and gave him glory, that 
your faith and hope might be in God. 22. Seeing ye 
have purified your souls in obeying the truth through 
the Spirit: 23. Being born again, not of corruptible 
seed, but. of incor ceria by the word of Gag wpich 
liveth and abideth for ever... 


57th Q.—Can any man be saved without 
experiencing this new birth? 

A.—No, for as we could. not partake of 
the nature of the first Adam but bya natural 
birth from him, so we cannot partake of the 
- heavenly nature and righteousness of Christ 
asthe second Adam, but by setts born aaa 
of the Spirit.* 


* Do not the sual aid manner of redemption show the 
nature of the full? By disobedience, man died to his Immanuel 
or first state ; by a new birth produced by the operation of the 
‘Holy Spirit, this state is regained”? . Hints on Regapreton. by 
ao Philips, 2d. ye p. 1s. 


¢ , 


3 
ae 


68 


John iii. 3. Jesus answered and said unto him [Nico- 
demus], Verily, verily I say unto thee, Except a man 
be born again, he cannot see the kingdom, of God, 5 
Verily, verily I say unto thee, Except a man be born of 
water, andof the Spirit, he cannot enter into the king-. 
dom of God. 6. That which is born of the flesh is flesh ;. 
and that which is born of the Spirit, is-spirit. _ : 

Rom. viii. 13. For if ye live after the flesh, ye shall 
die : but if ye through the Spirit do mortify the 
the body, ye shall live. 14, For as many as are led by. 
the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God. ~ 

1 Cor. xv. 49. And as we have borne the i image ofthe: 
earthly, so shall we bear the image of the heavenly. 

2 Cor.v. 17. Therefore if any man be in Christ, he 
is anew creature: old things are passed away, ie tied 
all things are Lecome new, 

Gal. vi. 15. For im Christ Jodie neither circumci-- 
sion availeth any thing, nor uncireumcision, but a new: 
creature. . - 


SECT. III. as 


Ste 


“a “58th Q. —How does the Spirit of Christ. 
effect this change ? 

» A.—It produces repentance, by eave: 
‘cing the soul of the sinfulness of sin ; and. 
the sinner ‘being hereby made ‘sensible. that, 
by nature, he & ig corrupt, fallen, and un- 
regenerate,””* and totally unable to take a 
single step towards his own salvation, feels ~ 
the necessity he has of a Redeemer, and is. 
enabled to pray to God for deliverance from. 
the thraldom and guilt of sin.t 


* ‘Barclay’ s Apology, Prop. iv. §. 2: 


+ As itis through divine mercy and goodness: that the 
awakened to.a sense of the importance of it its ‘so 


coo ¥ 
4 c 
: te 


¥ 


69 


Mark i. 14, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the 
gospel of the kingdom of God, 15. And saying, The 
time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand: 
repent ye, and belicve the gospel. 

Acts tii, 19. Repent ye therefore, and be converted, 
that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of 
refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord. 

Luke xviii, 13. And the publican standing afar off, 
would not lift up so much as his eyes unto heaven, but 
smote upon his breast, saying, God be merciful to me 
asinner. 14. I [Jesus] tell you, this man went down 
to his house justified rather than the other [the self- 
righteous pharisee.} =~ 

John xvi. 8. And when he [the Comforter] is come, 
he will reprove [or convince*] the world of sin. 

: 2 Cor. vii.9. Now I rejoice, not that ye were made 
sorry, but that ye sorrowed to repentance: for ye were 
made sorry after a godly. manner. 10. For godly sorrow 
worketh repentance to salvation not to be repented of. — 


59th Q.—Does the soul always obtain an 
immediate answer to its prayer ? 


A.—The prayer of the sincere is always 
heard, though it may consist with divine 
wisdom to withhold immediate relief; but 
if the soul persevere in prayer and faint not, 


it sometimes occurs, especially at an early age, that the soul, is in 
the first instance, tendered. and melted down under a lively im- 
pression of the extension of the love of God towards it; thus 
such are allured. into the paths of holiness ; whilst others are 
powerfully wrought uppon by strong convictions of sin, and of 
the wrath of God uponsin: but however various these first im- 
pressions may be on different persons, as they are the operations 
of the same divine power of Love, so they will ultimately produce 
the same conviction upon the mind of the unworthiness and noth- 
ingness of the creature, “ that God may be: all in all.” 

* The marginal reading has convince, which is adopted by 
N ewcome. ‘ 


+ pty 


pa 


70 


it will experience deliverance from the thral- 
dom and guilt of sin, or, in the emia ind 
i saison the forgiveness of sins. 


a 


Psal. a 18. The Lordis ini unto them that 
are of a broken heart; and saveth such as be of a 
contrite spirit. 

Psal. cii. 17. He [the Lord] will regard. the’ “prayer 
of the destitute, and not despise their prayer. 18. This 
shall be written for the generation to come. | 

Isaiah lvii. 15. For thus saith the high and lofty One 
that inhabiteth eternity, whose name is Holy, I dwell 
in the high and holy place ; with him also that is of a 
contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the 
humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite ones. 
~ Matt. xxi. 22. All things whatsoever ye shall ask in 
prayer; believing, ye shall receive. 

Luke xviii. 1. And he [Jesus] spake a parable unto 
them, to this end, that men ought always to pray, and 
not to. faint [Then follows (v. 2—5) the parable of 
the widow and unjust judge, after which our Saviour 
proceeds] 6. Hear what the unjust’ judge saith. 7. 
And shall not God avenge his own elect, which cry day 
and night unto him, though he bear long with them? 
8. I tell you that he will avenge them speedily. 

Col. i. 14. In whom [Christ] we have redemption. 
through his blood, even the forgiveness of sins. 


60th Q.—Does this forgiveness of sins flow © 


. from any merit in man, or from good wary 


done by him? 


A.—Certainly not, he is indebted for i it 
solely to the mercy of God in Christ. 


See the Proofs to the next Answer. 


71 


61st Q.—Is not- this what is sometimes 
called Justification ? 


A.—Yes, because the sinner’s past trans- 
gressions being forgiven, he feels himself 
-justified, through Christ, from the guilt he 
had imbibed by his former sins, so that they 
no longer impede his advancement towards 
that sanctification or justification* which 
constitutes the perfection of the christiam 
progress. 


Rom. iii. 22. There is no difference’: 23. For all 
have sinned, and come short of the glory of God; 
24. Bemg justified freely by his grace, through | the 
redemption that is in Jesus Christ: 25. Whom God ~ 
hath sent forth to be a propitiation, through faith bis 
blood to declare his righteousness for the remission of 
sims that are past, through the forbearance of God. = 

Eph. i. 7. In whom we have the forgiveness c ‘sins, 
according to the riches of his grace. ote 

Eph. ii. 4, God, who is rich in-mercy, for his great 
love wherewith he loved us, 5. Even when we were’ 
dead in sins, hath quickened us together with Christ, 
(by grace ye are saved). 

Rom..vi. 22. But now being made free from sin, 
and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto 
_ holiness, and the end everlasting life. 

Rom viii. 1. There is therefore now no condemna- 
tion to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not 
after the flesh, but after the Spirit. 2. For the law of 
the Spirit of life, in Christ Jesus, hath made me free 
from the law of sin and death.’ 


* Justification as applied to the pardon ofsin is used ina legal 
sense, but as applied to sanctification it is used in its strict and 
proper sense, which signifies being made just or holy. © For a full 
and clearsexplication of this important subject see Barclay’s 
Apology, Prop. vii. on Justification. 


72 


62d Q.—Are we thus justified by our own 
righteousness ? é ; fo 


A.—We can have no righteousness of our 
own as_ creatures ; ; but by the new birth, or 
regeneration, we are made one with Christ, 
as the branch with the vine: so that his 
obedience and righteousness, his death, suf. 
ferings, and victory, became ours, not by 
-an outward imputation, but by a real inward 
participation of his divine nature and righ- 
teousness; by which we are sanctified, so 


are we justified. ee ak 
a 


~‘Tsaiah Ixiv. 6. We are all asan unclean thing, and 

1 our righteousnesses are as filthy rags. ; 

“John xv. 4. As the branch cannot bear fruit of i ‘it- 
self, except it abide in the vine no more can ye, except 

abide in me. 5. 1 amthe vine, yeare the branches : 
he that abideth in me, and J in him, the same bringeth 
forth much fruit: for without me ye can donc ” 

John xvii. 20. Neither pray § for t hese alone, but 
‘for them also which shall believe on nme t hrough their 
word: 21. That they all may be ome, as thou Father, 
art in me, and Tin thee ; that they also may be one in 
us. 

{ fohn i, 29. If ye know that he is Lig ye 
know that every one that doeth righteousness is 
roy. | : 
“Rom. v. 17. For if by one man’s” olin death 
reigned by one; much more they whic receive abund- 
ance of grace, and of the gift of righteousness, shall 
reign inlife by one, Jesus Christ.» 19. For as by one 
man’s disobedience many were made sinners ; so by the 
obedience of one, shall many be made rig hteous. ° ae 


73 


, . Rom. x. 3. For they [Israel] being ignorant of 

God’s righteousness, and going about to establish their 
own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto 
the righteousness of God. 4. For Christ is the end of 
the law for righteousness to every one that believeth. 

1 Cor.i. 30. But of him are ye in ist Jesus, 
who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteous- 
ness, and sanctification, and redemption: 31. That 
according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him 
glory in the Lord. “ 

2 Cor. vy. 21. For he hath made him to be sin for us, 
who knew no sin ; that we might be made the righte- 
ousness of God in him. ¥ 

siii.5. Not by works of righteousness, which 
we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us 
by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the 
Holy Spirit; 6. Which he shed on us abundantly 
through Jesus Christ our Saviour. 


63d Q.—Should not the soul press after a 
further attainment in holiness, notwithstand- 
- ing it may have known its sins forgiven ? sie 

A.—Certainly it should, for though, in the 
state already described, it becomes a child of 
God, yet that state is comparable to infancy, 
in which the soul is inexperienced in the 
many snares and wiles of the enemy ; but if 
it maintain the watch and persevere in its 
course, it will, after many conflicts and pre- 
bations, arrive at the state of a young man 
in Christ, and obtain the victory over the” 
wicked one. 


* 


1 John ii. 12. I write unto you, little children, be- 
cause your sins are Pen TS for his name’s sake. 


74 


Mark xiii. 37. What I say unto you, I say unto all, 
Watch. 

1 Cor. ix. 24. Know ye not that they which run in 
a race, run all, but one receiveth the prize? So run 
that ye may obtain. 25. And every man that stviveth 
for the mastery is temperate in all things: Now they do 
it to obtain a corruptible crown, but we an incorrup- 
tible. 

Phil. iii. 8. I count all things but loss, Soi the ex- 
celleney of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: 
for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, 11. If 
by any means I might attain to the resurrection of the 
dead: 12, Not as though | had already attained ; either 
were already perfect. 13. But this one thing 1 do, for- 
getting those things which are behind, and reaching forth 
unto those things which are before, 14./ I press toward 
the mark, for the prize ofthe high calling) of tate in 
Christ Jesus. 

2 Peter iii. 17. Ye therefore, beloved, seeing ye 

know these things before, beware lest ye also being led 
away with the error of the wicked, fall from your own 
stedfastness. 18. But grow in grace, and in the ‘cnoe- 
ledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. 
_ Eph. vi. 10. Finally, my brethren, be strong in the 
‘ Lord, and in the power of his might. 11. Put onthe 
whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand 
against the wiles of the devil. 

1 John ii. 14. [have written unto you, youne men, 
because ye are strong, and the word of God abideth in 
you, and ye have overcome the wicked one. 


64th Q.— May not the soul which this 
obtains the victory over sin, attain to a_ state 
‘of perfection, or freedom from sin ? 


A.—yYes, foras the soul advances to a 
state of maturity in Christ, righteousness or 
holiness becomes, as it were, the element in 


- 


= 
fa 


which it lives ; the contrary nature and spirit 
which once had the dominion, and brought 
it under condemnation, being crucified and — 
slain, Christ reigns unrivalled in the heart, 
and it is sanctified and made perfect accord- 
ing to its present capacity : ‘* yet doth this 
perfection still admit of growth; and there 
remaineth always in some part a possibility 
of sinning, where the mind doth not most 
diligently and “bpeiphacd attend unto the 
Lord.” * 


Rom. vi. 18. Being then made free from sin, ye 
became the servants of righteousness, 20. For when ye 
‘were the servants ofsin, ye were free from righteous- 
ness. 22. But now being made free from sin, and be- 
come servants te God, ye have your fruit unto holiness. 

2 Cor. vii. 1. Dearly beloved, Let us cleanse our- 
selves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, Ere 
ing holiness in the fear of God. 

Eph. iv. 11. And he gave some, apostles ; and some, 
prophets ; and some, evangelists: 12. For the perfect: 
ing of the saints: 13. Till we all come in the unity “of 
the faith,and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a 
perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the ful- 
ness of Christ. 

Col. i. 21. And you that were sometime alienated, 
and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now 
hath he reconciled, 22. In the body of his flesh 
through death, to present you holy and unblameable, 
and unreprovable in his sight. 27. To whom God 
would make known what isthe riches of the glory *of 
this mystery among the gentiles ; which is Christ in you 
the hope of glory : 28. Whom we preach, warnine- 
every man, and teaching every man imall wisdom ; that 
we may present every man perfect in Christ Jesus. 


>. 
© Barclays’ Apology, Prop. vii. (Sth edt p. 241.) 


76 


Matt. v. 48. Beye therefore perfect, even as Pyar 
Father which is in heaven is perfect. 

1 Thess, v. 23. And the very God of peace sanctify 
you wholly ; andI pray God your whole spirit and soul 
and body be preserved blameless unto the coming of our 
Lord Jesus Christ. 

1 Peter v. 10. The God of all grace who hath called 
us unto his eternal glory by Christ Jesus, after that ye 
have. suffered a while, make you perfect, stablish, 
strengthen, settle you. 11. To him be glory: sot do - 
minion for ever andever, Amen. 


65th Q.—Is it possible for those ghobheve 
been renewed by the grace of God that brings- 
salvation, finally to fallaway from it? ? 


A.—Yes; we are therefore exhorted to 
make our calling and election sure; for if, 
through unwatchfulness, any fall away after 
they have tasted of the heavenly gift, and 
been made partakers of the Holy Spirit ; they 
make shipwreck of faith; and the relapsed 
state of such is more hopeless than their first 
unconverted state. 


1 Cor. ix..27. I keep under my body and bring it 
into subjection: lest that by any means when I have 
preached toothers, I myself should be a cast-away. 

2 Peter ii.20. For ifjafter they have escaped the ~ 
pollutions of the world, through the knowledge of the 
Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, they are again entangled 
therein, and overcome: the latter end is worse with « 
them thanithe beginning. 21. For it had been better 
for them nat to have known the way of righteousness, 
than after having known it, to turn from the holy com- 
mandment delivered unto them. 


77 


SECT. IV. : 


66th Q.—How does a christian give proof 
of his being in the faith. 


A.—By his works. 


- Matt. vii. 18. A good tree cannot bring forth evil 
fruit : neither cana corrupt tree bring forth good fruit: 
20, Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them. 21. 
Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shalk 
enter into the kingdom of heaven : but he that doeth 
the will of my Father which is in heaven. 

Titus i. 16. They profess that they know God ; but: 
in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobe- 
dient, and unto every good work reprobate. 

James ii. 14. What doth it profit, my bretige 
though a man say he hath faith, and. have not works ? 
Can faith save him? 15. [fa brother or sister be naked, 
and destitute of daily food ; 16. And oneof you say un- 
to them, Depart in peace, a you warmed, and filled : 
notwithstanding ye give them not those things whicli 
are needful tothe body ; what doth it profit? 17. Eve 
so faith, ifit hath not works is dead being alone. 18, 
Shew me thy faith without thy works, and I will ie 
thee my faith by my works. a 


67th Q.-— What are these works ?” 


A.—The performance, Ist. Of our duty~ 
to God. 2dly. Of our duty:to man. 


68th Q.—What is our duty to God?” 


r 


A.—To fear, reverence, love, and serve 

him, by giving him our hearts, and offering 

to him the prayer and ne he requires of. 
G2 


/ 7s 


us; to keep ourselves, through his divine 
aid, sober, chaste, and temperate : to obey 

all his commands, and sustain with patience 
and resignation whatever distress or affliction 
he may suffer to befall Us, ‘whether of body 
or of mind. 


Deut. x. 12. What doth the Lord thy God require 

-of thee, but the fear of the Lord thy God, to walk in all 

his ways, and to, love him, and to serve the Lord thy 
God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul. 

Matt. xxii. 37. Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love 
the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all a 
soul, and with all thy mind. 

‘Proy. xxiii. 26. My son, give me thine heart. 

Phil. iv. 6. Be careful for nothing: but in every 
thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving, let 
your requests be made known unto God. 

Col. iv. 2. Continue in prayer, and watch in the 
any with thanksgiving. 

Rom. xii. 11. [Be] fervent in spirit, serving the 
Lord: 12. Rejoicing in hope ; patient in tribulation ; 
continuing instant in prayer, 

__» Phil.iv. 11. Ihave learned in whatsoever state I 
am, therewith to be content. 12. I know both how to 

be abased, and I know how toabound ; every where, and 

in all things Iam instructed. See also Tit. ii. 11, 12. 


“69th Q.—What is our duty to man ? 


NBL; Caan and conscientious obedience 
to those who have the rule over us; sincerity 
and. honesty towards those with whom we 
have connexion or intercourse ; and to do 
good, as far asis in our power, to all men, 

_ whether they, be friends, ‘strangers, or ene. 
mics. ; 


79 


Titus iii. 1, Put them in mind to be subject to prin- 
cipalities and powers, to obey magistrates, to be ready 
to every good work, 2. To speak evil ofno man, but 
[to be} gentle, shewing all meekness unto all men. 

Rom. vii. 7. Render to all their dues : tribute to 
whom tribute isdue, custom to Whom custom, fear to 
whom fear, honour to whom honour. 

Titus li. 1.- Speak thou the things which become 
sound doctrine: 2. That the aged men be sober, grave, 
temperate, $. The aged women likewise, that they be 
in behaviour as becometh holiness, 4. That they may 
teach the young women to be sober, to love their hus- 
bands, 5. To be discreet, chaste, keepers at home, that 
the word of God be not blasphemed. 6. Fouge ace 
likewise exhort to be sober-minded. 

Col. iii, 18. Wives, submit yourselves unto your own 
husbands, asit is fit in the Lord. 19. Husbands, love your 
wives and be not bitter against them. 20. Children 
obey your parents; for this is well-pleasing unto the 
Lord. 21. Fathers provoke not your children to anger, 
lest they be discouraged. 22. Servants, obey im all 
things your masters according to the flesh ; not with 
eye-service, as ae Cowie s, but in singleness of heart, 


fearing God_ iv. 1. Masters give unto your servants 
that which is just ate equal, knowing that ye also have 
a master in heaven. ‘i 


Rom. xii. 10. Be kindly affectioned. ‘one to another, 
with brotherly love, in honour preferring one another, 
11. Not slothful in business. 13. Distributing to the 
necessities of saints, given to hospitality. 14. Bless 
them which persecute you : bless, and.curse not. 15. 
Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them 
that weep. 16. Mind not high things, but “condescend 
to men of low estate : Be not Wise in youroewn conceits, 
17. Recompe se to no man evil for’ evil: _ Provide 
things honest in the sight ofvall men. -i8. -If it be 
_ possible, as “4 as lieth in you, live peaceably with all 
men. 

Matt. vii. 12, / Therefore all things whatsoever “ye 


. , e 3 
A a 


89 


would that.men should do to you, Gp ye even so to 
them. 

Isaiah lviii. 7. Is it not to deal RA to the 
hungry, and that thou bring the poor that are cast out, 
to thy house ? when thou seest the naked, that thou 
cover him, and that thou hide not thyself from thine 
own flesh. ' 


70th Q.—If our Rulers or Governors re- 
quire obedience in things repugnant to Ons 
duty to God, are we to obey them: & 


A.—Certainly not, as God is to be obeyed 
rather than ‘man. ha 


4 


Acts iv. 18. And they called them, and commanded 

en not to speak at all, nor teach in the name of Jesus. ~ 

- But Peter and John answered and said unto them, 
acta it be rivht in the sight of God, to hearken unto. 
you more than unto God, judge ye. 

“Acts v.27. And the high priest’ asked them, 28. 
Saying, Did’ not we straitly command’ you, that you 
should not teach in this name [of Jesus]? 29. Then 
Peter and the other apostles answered and said, We 
ought to obey God rather than men. 


71st Q.—Is this doctrine illustrated bi 
practice ? 


A.—It is: for instance, several christians 
have refused to take oaths, as being contrary 
to the express command of our Saviour ; and 
toengage in war, as being repugnant in its 
nature «nd principles to the meek and for- 
giving spirit of the Prince of Peace, who 


81 


enjoins us to love our enemies, and to do 
good to them that hate us and despitefully- 
entreat us.* 


Matt. v. $4. Tsay unto you, Swear not at all; 37. 
But let your coramunication be, Yea, yea; Nay, nay: 
for whatsoever is more than these, cometh ofevil. 58. 
Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye foran 
eye, and a tooth for a tooth, 39. But I say unto you, 
That ye resist not evil. 44 Love your enemies, bless 
them that curse you, and pray for them which despite- 
fully use you, and persecute you. . 

James vy. !2. But above all things, my brethren, 
swear not, neither by heaven, neither by ‘the earthy 
neither by any other oath ; but let your yea, be yea, and 
your nay, nay; lest you fall into condemnation. ” 

James iv. 1. From whence come wars and fightings 
among you? comethey not hence, even of your lusts 
that war in your members. : 

Rom. xii, 19. Dearly beloved, avenge not youre 
selves, but rather give place unto wrath: for itis written, 
Vengeance ismine ; I will repay, saith the Lord. 20. 
Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him : if he thirst, 
give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of 
fire on his head. 21. Be not overcome of evil, but over- 
come evil with good. ae 


72d Q.—Are not good works necessary to 
our justification ? 


A.—Certainly they are, for *‘ as the body 
without the spirit is dead, so faith without 
works is dead also.” (James ii. 26.) Hence _ 
faith and works are inseparable from each — 


* From the works of Justin Martyr, Tatian, Tertullian, Cy- 
prian,and others, it appears that the early christians considered 
War as repugnant to christianity. : 


82 


other, with regard to our justification in the 
divine sight. . 


James ii.20. But wilt thou know, O vain man, that 
faith without works isdead? 21,. Was mot Abraham 
our father justified by works, when he had offered 
Isaac his son upon the altar? 22, Seestthou how faith 
wrought with his works, and by works was faith made 
perfect ? 24. Ye see thcn how that by works a man is 
justified, and not by faith only. 


73d Q.—Do we not, by this, ascribe our. 
justification to faith and works ? ~~ 


A.—No, not strictly so, for though we 
cannot be justified without them, they are 
not, properly speaking, the cause of our 
justification, but the new birth or regene- 
rating power of the Spirit of Christ within 
us; from which only ‘* living faith and ac- 
ceptable works can proceed,”’* 


Rom. iii. 24, Being justified freely by his grace, 
through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ,” - 

Rom. xi. 6. And if by grace, then is it no more of 
works. my 

Eph. ii. 8.. For by grace are ye saved, through 
faith : and that not of yourselves : it is the gift of God : 
10, For we are his workmanship, created in Christ 
Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained 
that we should walk in them. “3 
_ Titus iii. 5. _ Not by works of righteousness which 
we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us 
by the washing of regeneration, andwrenewing of the 
Holy Spirit ; 6. Which he shed ee: abundantly ; 


* See Tuke’s Principles of Religion, p. 42. 


83 


through Jesus Christ our Saviour: 7. That being justir 
fied by his grace, we should be made heirs according to 
the hope of eternal life: 


74th Q.—Isit possible for a christian, in 
this life, to attain to such a stsbility in Christ 
that he cannot finally fall away from it ? 


A.—Doubtless ; as s ith the scripture, 
¢ Him-that overcometh will 1 make a pillar 
in the temple of my God, and he shall go no 
more cut: and I will write upon him the 
name of my God, and the name of the City 
of my God, which is New Jerusalem, which 
cometh down out of he.ven from my God; 
and [ will write upon him my new name.” 
(Rev. iii. 12.) S:valso says the apostle Poul, 
** | am persuaded that neither death, nor life, 
nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, 
nor things present, nor things to come, nor 
height, nor depth. nor any other creature, 
shill be able to separate us from the love of 

God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.” 
(Rom. viii. 38, 39.) * 


~Te 


2 Tim. iv.7. 1 have fought a good fight, I have fin- 
ished my course, I have kept the faith. 8. Henceforth 
there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness, which 
the Lord the righteous judge shall give me at that day. 


SECT. Vv. 
as “7 
75th Q.—What is it that constitutes the 
characteristic difference between the christian, 


84 


or spiritually minded man, and the man of the 
world, or carnally minded man ? 


_A.—The christian walks in the way of the 
cross and of self-denial ; mortifies his corrupt 
affectioris and lusts; and is not conformed 
to the world, but transformed by the renew- 
ing of his mind, the love of God being the 
governing principle. of his conduct. The 
man ofthe world is at enmity with God, his 
Sevegase his people ; the love of the world. 

chs We governing principle of his conduct, 
re conforms to its crooked policy, pursuing 
“with avidity its possessions, pomps, and va- 
nities, and ine sinful lusts of the flesh. - i 


Luke ix. $8. And he [Jesus] said to them all, If < any 
man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take 
up his cross. daily, and follow me. 

Luke xiv, 27. Whosoever doth not bear his cross, 
and come after me, cannot be my disciple. 

Gal. vy. 24. And they that are Christ’s, have cruci- 
fied the flesh, without the affections and lusts. de 

Rom. viii 13. If ye through the Spirit do | mortify 
the deeds of the body, ye shall live. 

Rom. xii. 2. Be not conformed to this world: but 
be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that 
ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and 
perfect will of God 

1 John ii. 5. Whoso keepeth his [Chriss] wand 
in him verily isthe love of God perfected. 

} John iv.19. We love him because he first loved 
us. 7. Beloved, let us love one another: for love is of 
God ; and every one that loveth, is born of God, and 
Sordi God. me 

John xv. 17. These things I commanil you, that ye 
love one another. 18. If the world hate you, ye know 


85 


thatit hated me before it hated you. 19.. If ye were of 
the world, the world would love its own: but because ye 
are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the 
world, therefore the world hateth you. 

James iv. 4. Know ye not that the friendship of the 
world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be 
a friend of the world, is the enemy of God. 

i John ii. 15. Love not the world, neither the 
_ things that are in the world. If any man love the world, 
the love of the Father isnot in him. 16. For all that 
is in the world, the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, 
and the pride of life, is not of the Father, butis of the 
world. 17. And the world passeth away, and the lust 
thereof. biel Me @ 

Rom. viii. 6. To be carnally minded is death Phat 
to be spiritually minded is life and peace : 7. Because 
the carnal mind is enmity against God : for it is not® 
subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. 8. Sa. 
then they that are inthe flesh, cannot please God. 

Rom i. 28. And even as they did not like to retain 
* God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a re- 
probate mind, to do those things which are not conveni- 
ent: 29. Being filled with all unrighteousness, forni-» 
cation, covetousness, maliciousness: full of envy, mur-) ~ 
der, deccit, malignity : 30. Backbiters, haters of God, 
proud, disobedient to parents, 31. Without natural 
affection, unmerciful: 32. Who knowing the judg 
ment of God, (that they which commit such things are 
worthy of death) not only do the same, but have plea- 
~ sure in them that do them. : 


76th Q.— What is the christian’s hope af- 

ter death ? 

A.—That he shall, when he puts off this. 

mortal body, enjoy the beatific presence of 

his God and Redeemer, receive a crown of 

glory, and obtainan inheritance among the 
H 


“all 


_ 86 


saints in light, that is incorruptible, unde- 
filed, and that endureth for ser 


Mark x.29. There is no man that hath left house, 


or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, 
or children, or lands for my sake and the gospel’s 30. 
But he shall receive an hundred fold now in this time, 
with persecutions ; and in the world to come eternal 
life. 
Prov. xiv. 32. The righteous hath hope in his death. 
John x. 27. My sheep hear my voice, and I know 
them, and they follow me. 28, And I give unto them 
eternal life.and they shall never perish. — tor 
_ hn a2 And Jesus said unto her [Martha], I 
am the ‘resuri rection, and the life : he that believeth on 
me though he were dead, yet shall he live; 26. And 
whosoever liveth and believeth on me, shall never die. 
‘Rom. ii. 6. Who [God] will render to every man 
according to his deeds; 7. To them,” who by patient 
continuance in well-doing, seek for glory, anc honour, 
“and immortality ; eternal life. 
_ Gal. vi. 8. He that soweth to the Spirit, shall ofthe 
Spirit reap life ever lasting. 9. And let us not be 
in well-doing, is in _due season We shall reap, if we 
‘faint not. 
2 Cor. v. 6. Therefore we are always cophdent 
knowing that whilst we are My home in the body, we 


4 


are absent from the Lord: 7.(For we walk by faith, 


not by sight). 8. We are confident, I say, and willing 


rather to be absent from the’ body, and to eS apie - 


with the Lord. 

Phil. i. 19. I know that this shall turn to my Be 
tion., 20. According tomy earnest expectation and 
my hope, that as always, so now also Christ shall be 
‘magnified in my body, whether i Mt be by life or by death, 


' 21, For to me to live is Christ. and to die is gain, 22, 


But if [live in the flesh, this is the * 7 of my labour ; 


_ yet what I shall choose, I wot not. 3. For I am in 


a strait between two, having a desire'to Bers and to 


& “ 
we. 


_ 


87 


be with Christ ; which is far better: 24. Nevertheless, 
to abide in the flesh, is more needful for you. 

Col. i. 11. Strengthened with all might according to 
his glorious power, unto all patience and long-suffering 
with joyfulness; 12. Giving thanks unto the Father, 
which hath made us meet to be partakers of the inheri- 
tance of the saints in light. 

Titusi.1. Paul aservant of God, and an apostle of 
Jesus Christ. 2. In hope of eternal life, which God 
that cannot lie, promised before the world began. 

2 Tim iv. 6. I am ready to be offered, and the time 
of my departure is athand. 8. Henceforth there is laid 
up for me a crown of righteousness, which the Lord the « © 
righteous judge shall give me at thatday. «~~ ™& «@& 

1 Peteri. 3.. Blessed be the God and Father of our ee 
Lord Jesus Christ, which according to his abundant mer-, 
ey, hath begotten us again unto a lively -hope; by the 
resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, 4., Toan 
inheritance incorruptible and undefiled, an that fadeth 
not away, reserved in heaven for youu © | ik . 


77th Q.— What is the prospect that awaits 
the wicked after death ? ae en 


ua al 


A.—An awful separation from God and «, 
the spirits of the just ; and an entrance into — 
that place of torment ‘“ whéré their worm 
dieth not, and the fire is not ‘quenched.”?) 


John viii. 21. Then said Jesus unto them, I go my 
way, and ye shall seek me, and shall die in your sins : 
whither I go ye cannot come. 23. Ye are from beneath ; 
I am from above : ye are of this world ; Iam not of this 
world. 24. I said therefore. unto you, That ye shall die” 
‘in your sins : for if ye believe not that I am he, ye shall 
die in your sins. : ‘e 
_ 1Cor. vi. 9. Know ye not that the unrighteous shall 
not inherit the kingdom of God. 


«< ~ 


‘ 
+ 


« 
oa 
“> 


es 
- .. 7 


ay 


"a seat of 


88 


Psalm ix. 17. The wicked shall be turned)into hell. 
Luke xvi. 22. The rich man also died and was 
buried. 23. And in hell he Jift up his eyes, being in 
torments. ee . 
»Rev. xxi. 8. But the fearful and unbelieving shall 
have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and 
brimstone. ey ale we a 
Mark ix. 43. And if thy hand offend thee, cut it off : 
it is better for thee to enter into life maimed, than, hav- 
ing two hands, to go into hell, into the fire that never 
shall be quenched : 44.. Where their worm dieth not, 
and the fire is not quenched. gt ee eae 
ase ~ A 
.—Has not Go inted a day 
78th Q God appointed a day 
to judge -the world ? Ba ES 
avert - - « ee ; . 1 cue gt 
6% A= Yes, so we read in the scriptures, 
and tha jee end of the world, our Lord: 
Jesus Christ will come to judge the living 
and the dead, when the dead shall arise from 


* their grates and appear before the judgment 


e hrist, and every man be rewarded 
» according to his works done in the body: — 


“the wicked ** shall go away into everlast- 


~ ing punishment; but the righteous into life 


fee 


_eternal.” ~ * + i 


Acts xvii. 31. He [God] hath appointed a day in 
* the which he will judge the world in righteousness, by ; 
that man whom he hath ordained, 7". 
Matt. xiii. 36. He [Jesus] answered and said unto 
them, He that soweth the good seed is the Son of Man ; 
38. The field is the world; the good seed are the chil- 
dren of the kingdom ; but the tares are the children of 
the Wicked one: 39. The enemy that sowed them, is the 
devil: the harvest is the end of the world: the reapers 


are the angels. 40. As therefore the es are gathere 
. and burnt in the fire ; “so shall it be at 


the end of this 


. ~ ” 


% : a 


89 


world. 41. The Son of man shall send forth his angels, 
and they shall gather out of his kingdom all things that 
offend, and them which do iniquity ; 42. And shall 
cast them into a furnace of fire: there shall be wailing 
and gnashing of teeth. 43. Then shall the righteous 
shine forth asthe sun in the k’ngdom of their ¢ ather. 
Matt. xxv. 31. When the Son of man shall come in 
his glory, and all the boly angels with him, then shall 
he sit upon the throne of his glory. 32. And before 
him shall be gathered all nations. ; and he shall separate 
them one from another, as a shepherd divideth the sheep 
from the goats: 33. And he shall set the sheep on bis 


right hand, but the goats on the left: 34. Then shall. 


the King say unto them on his right hand, Come ye 
blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom pre r 
you from the foundation of the world. 41. The shall 
he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from’ 


me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire,’ ral or the} 


devil and his angels, 46. And these shall go away 


~ into everlasting punishment, but the righteous into life 


a 


7, 


eternal. 

Jokn v. 26. For asthe Father hathilife. * Hise 
so hath he given the Son to have life in himself » 28. 
Marvel not at this ; for the hour is coming, in the. which * 
all that are in their graves shall hear his voice, 29. And 


a 


“* 


shall come forth, they that haveydone good, untothe™ . 


resurrection of jife ; and they that have done eyil.unto 

the resurrection of damnation. y 
Matt. xi. 21. Wo unto thee,’ Chorazin’! 1 wo unit, 

thee Bethsaida! for if the mighty works which were 


done in you, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they. 


would have repented long ago in dust and ashes. 22, 
Butd Say unto you, it slali be more tolerable for Tyre 
and Sidon at the day of judement than for you. 

2 Peter iii. 3. There shall come in the last days 


‘scoffers walking after their own lusts, 4. And sayin 


where is the promise of his coming ? for since the fa- 

thers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from 

the beginning of mg: creation. 5, For this they willingly 
H 2 


a 


,- 


90 


are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens 
were of old, and the earth standing out of the water, 
and in the water. 6. Whereby the world that then was, 
being overflowed with water perished. 7. But the 
heavens and the earth which are now, by the same 
word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the 
day of judgment, and perdition of ungodly men. 8. 
But beloved, be net ignorant of this one thing, that one 
day is with the Lord as a thousand years, and a thousand 
years as oneday. 11. Seeing then that all these things 
shall be desolved, what manner of persons ought ye to 
be in all holy conversation and godliness, 12. Looking 
. for and hasting unto the coming of the day of God, 
wherein the heavens being on fire shall be dissolved, 
and the elements shall melt with feryent heat? 13. 
‘Nevertheless we, according to his promise, look for 
» Tew heavens anda new earth, wherein dwelleth righte- 
ousness. "See Actsi. 11. 1 Thess. iv. 14-18, 
~ See also the Proofs to the 51st Answer, — 
¢ oe 4 . 
res - Ee ys 


, 
(ae nel rn tae 
: 


Si 


CHAPTER IV. 


SECT. L 


79th Q.— What is the nature of : “ ‘Wor- 
ship which God requires of man ? 


A.—It is spiritual : God: ataires us to 
worship him in spirit and in truth; and this 
may be without limitation to time or place, 
for worship, being an act of the soul towards 
God who is a Spirit, does not necessarily 
require the intervention. of pane exercise 
to make it acceptable to him. 


John iv. 21. Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe 
me the hour cometh, when ye shall neither in this 
mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem worship the Father. 25. 
But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true. wor- 
shippers shall worship the Father in spirit and éh truth ; 
for the Father seekest such to worship him. 24. God is 
a Spiri*, and they that worship him, must worship him 
in spirit and in truth. 

Phil. ii. 3. For we are the circumcision; which 
worship God in spirit. and_ rejoice in Christ Jesus, and 
shave no confidence in the flesh. 


‘ 


92 


80th Q.—-Though worship is not limited: 
to time or place, is it not our duty to meet 
together at certain times pune to worship. 
God ? 
* . 

A.—lIt is incumbent on us to meet to- 
wanes for public worship, as a testimony of 
our duty to God, and of our dependance on 
him for a renewal of our spiritual stren, tie 
as also to hold forth the nature of the @ 
eR to others. ee ; 


ae 


Paatiin: et 7. Give unto the Lord, O ye ‘edeeds, 
ofthe people, 8. The glory due to his name; bring 
an offering and come into his courts. 9. O worship the 
Lord in the beauty of holiness : fear before him all the 
earth. 

Psalm Ixxxvi. 9. All nations whom thou hast made 
shall come’and worship before thee, O Lord: and shall 
glorify thy name. ae 

‘Rom: xii. 1. Ibeseech you. therefore, cia by 
the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living 
sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your rea-, 
sonable service. ~ ja aa 

Heb. x. 24. And let us consider one another, to 
provoke untolove,and to good works : 25. Not forsaking — 
the assembling of ourselves together, as the manner, of 
some is. 

Rev. xv. 4.» Who shall not fear thee, O Lord, and. 
glorify thy name ? for thou only art holy : for all natiens 
~~ shall. come and worship before thee. 


81st Q.—What is our duty when thus 
‘assembled together ? , fae; 

A.—To wait upon the Lord shifted and 
endeavour to preserve the mind from dwell. — 


93 


ing on thoughts which arise from the activity 

of the imagination ; that the life and power 

of Christ may be felt to calm the soul, to 

bring every thought into subjection, to pro- 

duce a real inward silence, and afford a true 

sense of its state; when even a sing‘e sigh, 

arising from such a sense, will be acceptable _ 
to God, because of his own begcetting ; for it 

is oy his own works that can praise him. 


Psal. xxvii. 14. Wait on the Lord: be of good 
courage, and he shall strengthen thing heart : ii I 
say, on the Lord. 

Psal. Ixii_ 5. My soul, wait thou only upon God, "ee 
my expectation is from him. 6. He int is my wit, 
and my salvation. 

Psal xlvi. 10. Be still and know that I am God. 

Zech ii. 13. Besilent, O all flesh, before the Lord. 

Isaiah xli. 1. Keep silence before me, O islands, and» 
Jet the people renew their eth. 

Isaiah xl. 28. Hast thou not known? hast thou not 
heard. that the everlasting God, the’Lord, the creator’ 
of the ends of the earth fainteth not, neither is sniagt 
there is no searching of his understanding. . He 
giveth power to the faint ; and to» them» that — no 
might he increaseth strength. 30. Even the vouths 
shall faint and be weary, and the young men utterly 
fall. 1. But they that wait upon the Lord shall renew 
their strength: they shall mount up with wings ‘as ea- 
gles, they shall run and not be weary, and they, shall 
walk and not faint. 

Isaiah li. 5. The isles shall wait upon me, and. on 
my arm shall they trust. 

Rom. viii. 26. Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our. % 
infirmities; for we know not what we should pray for — 
as we ought : but the Spirit itself maketh intercession 
for us with groanings which cannot be uttered. 


94. 


4 Psalm exly. 10. All thy works shall praise thee, ® 
. ord., 


82d Q.— What are the advantages derive 


‘by christians from thus meeting together for 
the exercise of public worship 


A.—Those who, by a travel of spirit, are 
inwardly gathered to the one source of light 
and life for a renewal of their spiritual 
strength, become helpful to each other: the 
life flowing from Christ the head, (who is 


spiritually present accordi:g to his promise,) 


his members, the circulation of it”an g 
em, as from vessel io vessel, prodndlhe 

" communion and fellowship of the saints, by 

which, one member feeling for and sympa- 

ang with another, al are edified. 


Matt. xviii. 20. Where twolen thins are gathered 
hare in my name, there I am in the midst of them. 
» °1 Cor. xii. 12.5 As the body is one, and hath many 
m ~ members, and all the racmbers of that one body, being 
many, are one body ; so also is Christ. 15. y 
one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, and have 
been all made to drink into one Spirit. 14. Forthe 
bodys not one member, but many. 21. And the eye 
_ annot say upto the hand, I have no need of thee ; nor 
pi again, the head.to the feet, I have no need of you. 22. 
Nay much more, those members of the body, which 


7 


seem to be more feeble are necessary. 25. That there 


should be no schism in the body ; but that the members 
_ should have the same care one fos another. 26. And 
whether one member suffer, ali’ the members suffer 
with it sor one member be honour ed, all the members 
Tejoicc with it, ‘ 


95. 


‘1 Peter ii. 5. Yealso as lively stones, are built up a 
spiritual house, an holy priesthood to offer up spiritual’ 
sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. 


83d Q.—Are not prayer and praise a part — 
of divine worship ? 


A.—Doubtless, and may be either mental 
er vocal. Mental prayer is the turning of 
the mind to God, when the soul awakened 
- by the Spirit of Christ, and bowed under a_ 
sense of its wants and unworthiness, looks 
up to God, and breathes forth its desires with- 
out words. Vocal prayer is, when it feels am. 
influence of the Spirit to express audible 
words, either in public assemblies or in pri-_ 
vate. Inlike manner praise and thanksgiv- 
ing may be either mental or vocal. ; 

b ; = : 

Matt. vi. 6. When cht prayest enter into thy 
closet, and when thou hast shut thy door, pray to i ’ 
Father which isin secret, and thy Father which seeth 
’ in secret, shall reward the openly. - 

Matt. xxvi. 41 Watch and pray, that ye enter not 
into temptation ; the spirit indeed is willing, but the 
flesh is weak. 

Eph. vy. 18. Be filled with the Spirit. 19. Speak- 
ing to yourselvesin psalms, and hymns, and spiritual 
songs, singing and making melody in your heart to 
the Lord. 20. Giving thanks always for all things 
unto God and the Father, in the name of our Lord Jesus 
Christ. “¢ 

Eph. vi. 18. Praying always with all prayer and | 
supplication in the Spirit, and watching thereunto with 
all perseverance, and supplication for all saints. 

Col. iv. 2. Continue in prayer, and watch in the 
same with thanksgiving. *? 


- 


96 


1 Thess. v.17, Pray without ceasing. 18. In every 
thing give thanks. J m 

1 Tim. ii. 8. I wiil therefore that men pray every’ 
where, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and 
doubting. ‘ 

Heb. xiii. 15. By him [Jesus] therefore let us offer 
the sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the 
fruit of our lips, giving thanks to his mame. 


See also the Proofs to the 59th and 81st Answers. 

I a i> vente 

84th Q.—Did our Saviour teach his dis- 
ciples how to express themselves in prayer ? 


fe ; 3 a. ye 
A.—He did, and cautioned them not to 
use vain repetitions, but to pray after this 
‘manner ; ‘*¢ Our Father which art im heaven, 
Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. 
Thy.will be done on earth, as it is in heaven. 
» Give us this day our daily bread.* And for- 
give us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. 
And lead us not into temptation, but deliver 
us from evil.” (Matt.vi.9—13.) 
ti ‘e ai 9 
Matt. vi. 7. But when ye pray, use not vain re} 
titions, as the heathen do : for they think that they shall 
be heard for their much speaking. 8. Be not ye there- 
fore like unto them; for your Father knoweth what 
things ye stand in need of, before ye ask him. 9. Af- 
ter this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father, &c. 
asabove. See also Luke xi. 2—4, 
rg 
* The context requires usto consider this petition as referrin 


principally, if not wholly, to that spiritual bread which ion: 
eth up the soul unto eternal life, for as doth the body, so ‘doth 
~ 


ye PPR} “— ay i food to sustain it. . 


z 


97 


85th Q.—Did our Saviour enjoin his dis- 
ciples to use this form of words whenever they 
prayed vocally ? 


A.—We do not read that he did, but he 
enjoined them to pray after such a manner : 
hence it may be inferred they were to adopt 
the spirit of that prayer in their address to 
the throne of grace, and avoid unnecessary 
and superfluous expressions; as appears from 
what we meet with in other parts of the 
scripture on the subject of prayer. 


Luke xviii. 10. Two men went up into the temple 
to pray ; the onea Pharisee, and the other a publican. 
11. The Pharisee stood and prayed thus with himself, 
God I thank thee, that lam not as other men are, ex- 
tortioners, unjust, adulterers, or even as the publican. 
12. I fast twice in the week, I give tithes of all that I 
possess. 13. And the publican standing afar off, would 
not lift up so much as his eyes unto heaven, but smote 
upon his breast, saying, God be merciful to me a sinner. 
14, I tell you, This man went down to his house justi- 
fied rather than the other. , 

Acts iy. 23. And being let go, they [Peter and 
John] went to their own company, and reported all 
that the chief priests and elders had said unto them. 
24. And when they heard that, they lift up their voice 
to God with one accord, and said, Lord, thou art God 
which hast made heaven and earth, and the sea, andall 
that inthem is. 25. Who, by the mouth of thy servant 
Dayid hast said, Why did the heathen rage, and the 
people imagine vain things? 26. The kings of the 
ea:th stood up, and the rulers were. gathered together 
against the Lord, and against his Christ. 27. For of 
a truth against thy holy child Jesus, whom thou hast 

I 


CS Oe ee ae ae 


98 


anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the 
gentiles, and the people of Israel, were gathered to- 
gether, 28. For to do whatsoever thy hand and thy 
counsel determined before to be done. 29. And now, 
Lord, behold their threatenings ; and grant unto thy 
servants, that with all boldness they may speak thy 
word, 30. By stretching forth thine hand to heal; and 
that signs and wonders may be done by the name of 
thy holy child Jesus. 31. And when they had prayed, 
the place was shaken where they were assembled to- 
gether; and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit; 
and they spake the word of God with boldness. — 

Eph. iii. 14, For this cause I bow my, knees — aut 
the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, 15. Of whom 
the whole family in heaven and earth is a 16. 
That he would grant you, according to the riches of 
his glory, to be strengthened with might by his Spirit 
in the innerman; 17. That Christ may dwell in your 
hearts by faith ; that ye, being rooted and grounded in 
love, 18. May be able to comprehend with all saints, 
what is the breadth, and Jength, and depth, and height; 
19, And to know the love of Christ, which passeth 
knowledge, that ye might be filled with all the fulness 
of God. 20. Now unto him that is able to do exceed- 
ing abundantly above all that we ask or think, accord- 
ing to the power that worketh in us, 21. Unto him be 
glory in the church by Christ Jesus, throughout = 
ages, world without end, Amen. ifr 


See also Acts, i. 24, 25. 


SECT. II. 
goth Q.—What re the qualifications of a 
gospel minister ? 


A.—He must have experienced the rege- 
nerating power of the i of Christ; by 


99 


which only a true knowledge of the things of 
God and of his kingdom is revealed. 


Rom. viii. 5. For they that are after the flesh, do 
mind the things of the flesh, but they that are after the 
Spirit, the things of the Spirit. 8. So then they that 
are in the flesh cannot please God. 9. But ye are not 
in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of 
God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit 
of Christ, he is none of his. 

1 Cor. ii.7. But we speak the wisdom of God ina 
mystery, even the hidden wisdom which God ordained 
before the world unto our glory. 8. Which none of 
the princes of this world knew. 10. But God hath 
revealed them unto us by his Spirit; for the Spirit 
searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God. 13. 
Which things also we speak, not in the words which 
man’s wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Spirit 
teacheth ; comparing spiritual things with spiritual. 
14. But the natural man receiveth not the things of the 
Spirit of God, for they are foolishness unto him; 
neither can he know them, because they are spiritually 
discerned. % 


87th Q.—Is the above experience suffi- 
cient of itself to qualify for the work of the 
ministry ? 


A.—No, for though a man cannot be quali- 
fied without it, yet it is further requisite that 
he receive an immediate call from God to 
preach the gospel, being ‘‘ inwardly moved 
by the Holy Spirit”’ to take upon himselfthe 
office ; and in the performance of the various 
duties of the ministry committed to him, he 
must act under the same divine influence. 


100 


Luke xxiv. 44. And he [Jesus] said unto them [his 
disciples], These are the words which I spake unto you 
while [ was yet with you, that all things must be fulfilled, 
which were written in the law of Moses, and in the 
prophets, and inthe psalms concerning me. 45. Then 
opened he their understanding, that they might under- 
stand the Scriptures, 46. And said unto them, Thus 
itis written, and thus it behoved Christ to suffer, and to 
rise from the dead the third day: 47. And that re- 
pentance and remission of sins should be preached in 
his name, among all nations, beginning at Jerusale 
48. And ye are witnesses of these things. 49. And 
behold I send the promise of my Father upon you : 
but tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye t be endued 
with power from on high. 


vib 

“Acts i. 4. And [Jesus] being assembled together 
with them, commanded them that they should not de- 
part from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the 
Father, which, saith he, ye have heard of me. 5. For 
John truly baptized with water ; but ye shall be baptized 
with the Holy Spirit, not many days hence. 8. Ye 
shall receive power after thatthe Holy Spirit is come 
upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me, both in 
Jerusalem, and in all Judea, and in Samaria, and unto 
the uttermost part of the earth. 


Matt, xxviii. 19s Govye therefore and teach” all na- 
tions, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of 
the Son, and of the Holy Spirit: 20. Teaching them 
to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded 
you: and lo, I am with you alway even unto the end of 
the world. Amen. 


Acts. ii. 1. And when the day of Pentecost was fully 
come, they [the disciples] were all with one accord in 
one place. 2. And suddenly there came a sound from 
heaven, as ofa rushing mighty wind, that it filled all the 
house where they were sitting. 3. And there appeared 
unto them cloven tongues, like as of fire, and it sat upon 
each of them: 4. And they were all filled with the 


i101 


Holy Spirit, and began to speak with other tongues, as 
the Spirit gave them utterance. 

Gal.i. 11. But I certify you, brethren, that the gos- 
pel, which was preached of me, is not after man. 12. 
For I neither received it of man, neither was I taught 
it, but by the revelation of Jesus Christ. 

1 Tim.i.9. Knowing this, that the law is not made 
for a righteous man, but for the lawiess and disobedient. 
10. And if there be any other thing that is contrary to 
sound doctrine, 11. According to the glorious gospel 
of the blessed God, which was committed to my trust. 
12, And I[ thank Christ Jesus our Lord, who hath en- 
abled me, for that he counted me faithful, putting me 
into the ministry. 

Rom. xii. 4. As we have many members in one bedy, 
and all members have not the same office: 5. So we 
being many are one body in Christ, and every one 
members one of another. 6. Having then gifts, differ- 
ing according to the grace that is given to us, whether 
prophecy, let us prophesy according to the proportion 
of faith: 7. Or ministry; let us wait on our minister- 
ing ; or he that teacheth, on teaching. 

2 Cor. iii. 5. Not that weare sufficient of ourselves 
to think any thing as of ourselves: but our sufficiency 
isofGod. .6. Whoalso hath made us able ministers 
of the new testament, not of the letter, but of the spirit, 
for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life. 

2 Cor. iv. 1. Therefore seeing we have this ministry, 
as we have received mercy we faint not: 2. But hay- 
ing renounced the hidden things of dishonesty, not 
walking in craftiness, nor handling the word of God de- 
ceitfully, but by manifestation of the truth, commend- 
ing ourselves to every man’s conscience in the sight of 
God. 

1 Peter iv. 10. Asevery man hath received the gift, 
even so minister the same one to another, as good stew- 
ards ofthe manifold grace of God. 11. If any man speak, 
let him speak asthe oracles of God ; if amy man minis- 
ter, let him do it as of the ability which God giveth: 

12 


102 
that God in all things may be glorified through Jesus 
Christ ; to whom be praise and dominion for ever ané 
ever. Amen. 


88th Q.—Is this inward call a sufficient 
qualification for the office of the ministry 
without the aid of human learning ? 


A.—The apostles and first ministers of the 
gospel, than whom none were better qualified 
to fulfil the duties of the ministry, were 
generally illiterate; and since the gospel, 
and the office of the ministry, continue the 
same in their nature «s in the apostles’ days ; 
so the same divine call and influence remain 
sufficient without the aid of human learning. 


Matt. xi. 25. At that time Jesus answered and said, 
Ithank thee, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, be- 
cause thou hast hid these things from the wise and 
prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes. 26. Even 
so Father, for so it seemed good inthy sight. 

Acts iv. 18. Now when they saw the boldness of 
Peter and John, and perceived that they were unlearned 
‘and ignorant men, they marvelled, and they took 
knowledge of them, that they had been with Jesus. . 

1 Cor.i. 17. For Christ sent me not to baptize, but 
to preach the gospel: not with wisdom of words, lest 
the cross of Christ should be made of none effect. 19, 
For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, 
and will bring to nothing the understanding of . the 
prudent. 20. Where is the wise ? where is the scribe ? 
where is the disputer of this world? hath not God 
made foolish the wisdom of this world? 26. For ye 
see your calling, brethren, how that not many wise 
_ men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble 

arecalled. 27. But God hath chosen the foolish things 


103 


of the world, to confound the wise ; and God hath che- 
sen the weak things of the world, to confound the things 
which are mighty ; 28. And base things of the world, 
and things which are despised, hath God chosen, yea, 
and things which are not, to bring to naught things that 
are: 29. That no flesh should glory in his presence. 

1 Cor. ii. 1. And I, brethren, when I came to you, 
came not with excellency. of speech, or of wisdom, 
declaring unto you the testimony of God. 2. For I 
determined not to know any thing among you, save 
Jesus Christ, and him crucified. 3. And I was with 
you in weakness, and in fear, and in much trembling. 
4. And my speech, and my preaching, was not with 
enticing words of man’s wisdom, but in demonstration 
of the Spirit, and of power. 5. That your faith should 
not stand in the wisdom of men, but in the power of 
God. 

Gal.i.9. As we said before, so I say now again, If 
any man preach any other gospel unto you, than that 
ye have received, let him be accursed. 10. For do I 
now persuade men, or God? or do I seek to please 
men ? for if 1 yet pleased men, I should not be the ser- 
vant of Christ. 


89th Q.—Is the aid of human learning 
then entirely precluded ? 


A.—No, for though it is not essential to 
gospel ministry, it may nevertheless -be of 
subordinate use. 


$0th Q.—Are ministers of the gospel au- 
thorized to receive hire for preaching the 
gospel ? 


A.—No : as this holy unadulterated gift of 
God is not to be purchased by money, but is 
freely committed to chosen instruments ; so 


104: 


neither is it to be made a trade of, but is to 
be freely dispensed to others. _ a 


Matt.x.7. And as ye go, preach, saying, The king- 
dom of heaven is at hand. 8. Heal the sick, cleanse 
the lepers, raise the dead, cast out devils: freely ye 
have received, freely give. 

Acts viii. 18. And when Simon saw that through 
laying on of the apostles’ hands, the Holy Spirit was 
given, he offered them money, 19, Saying, Give me 
also this power, that on whomsoever I lay hands, he 
may receive the Holy Spirit. 20, But Peter said unto 
him, Thy money perish with thee, because thou hast 
thought that the gift of God may be purchased with 
money. 21. Thou hast neither part nor lot in this 
matter: for thy heart is not right in the sight of God. 

Acts xx. 33. I [Paul] have coveted no man’s silver, 
or gold, or apparel, 34. Yea, you yourselves know, 
that these hands have ministered unto my necessities, 
and to them which were with me. 7 

2 Cor. xii. 14. Behold, the third time I [Paul] am 
ready to come to you ; and I will not be burdensome to 
you ; for 1 seek not yours, but you: for the children 
ought not to lay up forthe parents, but the parents 
for the children. 15. AndI will very gladly spend and 
be spent for you, though the more abundantly I love 
you, the less I be loved. 


91st Q.—But may not ministers on some 
occasions accept of temporal assistance, if 
freely offered to them ? 


A.—Yes, they undoubtedly may for their 
present support, when they are travelling 
from home in the work of the ministry. 


Matt. x. 9. Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor 
brass in your purses: 10. Nor scrip for your journey, 


105 


neither two coats, neither shoes, nor yet staves; (for 
the workman is worthy of his meat). 

1 Cor. ix. 7. Who goeth a warfare any time at his 
owncharges ? who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not 
ofthe fruitthereof? 11. If we have sown unto you 
spiritual things, is it a great thing if we shall reap your 
carnal things? 12. If others be partakers of this pow- 
er over you, are not we rather? Nevertheless, we © 
have not used this power ; but suffer all things, lest we 
should hinder the gospel of Christ. 13. Do you not 
know that they which minister about holy things, live 
of the things of the temple? 14. Even so hath the 
Lord ordained, that they which preach the gospel, 
should live of the gospel. 15. But I have used none of 
these things. Neither have I written these things that 
- it should be so done unto me: for it were better for 
me to die, than any man should make my glorying void. 
16. For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to 
glory of ; for a necessity is laid upon me ; yea, Wois 
unto meifI preach not the gospel. 18. What ismy 
reward then ? verily that when I preach the gospel, E 
may make the gospel of Christ without charge, that 
- labuse not my power in the gospel. 


92d Q.—Is any person, on account of dif- 
ference of sex or station, excluded from the- 
ministry ? 


A.—No, these distinctions among men are 
lost in Christ ; for whether male or female, 
bond or free, they are all one in him. — Christ 
frequently displays the efficacious power of 
his grace by choosing those that are esteemed 
weak and foolish, to confound the wise and 
mighty of this world. 


Joel ii. 28. And it shall come to pass afterward, 
that I will pour out my Spirit upon all flesh, and your 


106 


sons and your daughters shall prephesy. 29. And also 
upon the servants and upon the handmaids in those 
days, will I pour out my. Spirit. 

Acts ii. 4. And they were all filled with the Holy 
Spirit, and began to speak with other tongues as the 
Spirit gave them utterance. 5. And there were dwell- 
ing at Jerusalem, Jews, devout men out of every nation 
under heaven. 6. Now. when this was noised abroad, 
the multitude came together, and was confounded, be- 
cause that every man heard them speak in his own 
Tanguage. 7. And they were all amazed and marvelled, 
saying one to another, Behold, are not all these that 
speak Galileans? 8. And how hear we every man in 
our own tongue, wherein we were born? 13. Others 
mocking said, These men are full of new wine. 14, 
But Peter standing up with the eleven, lift up his voice 
and said unto them, Ye men of Judea, and all ye that 
dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you, ard heark- 
entomy words: 15. For these are not drunken, as 
ye suppose, seeing it is but the third hour of the day. 
16. But this is that which was spoken by the —— 
Joel, 17. And it shall come to pass, &c. 

Acts xxi. 8. And we entered into the house of Philip 
thefevangelist, (which was one ofthe seven,) and abode 
with him. 9. And the same man had four pametced, 
vir gins, which did prophesy. 

Gal. iii. 26. Ye are all the children of God by faith 
in Ghrist Jesus. 28. There is neither Jew nor Greek, 
there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male 
nor female ; for ye are all one in Christ Jesus. — 


See also the Proofs to the 88th Answer. 
93d Q.—What are the benefits attendant 
~ ona gospel ministry ? 


A.—God thereby affords strength to the 
weak, encouragement to the desponding, and 
life to the spiritually dead: indeed a call to 


107 


the ministry is a call to awaken mankind to a 
sense of their sinful state by nature, ‘ to 
open their eyes and to turn them from dark- 
ness to light, and from the power of satan 
unto God ;” baptizing them into the name or 
power of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. 


Tsaiah xxxv. 3. Strengthen ye the weak hands, and 
confirm the feeble knees. 4. Say to them that are of 
a fearful heart, be strong, fear not. j 

Luke xxii. 31. And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, 
behold satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift 
you as wheat: 32. But I have prayed for thee, that 
thy faith fail not ; and when thou art converted strength- 
en thy brethren. 

Acts xxvi 15, And I [Paul] said, Who art thou, 
Lord? And he said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest. 
16. Butrise, and stand upon thy feet ; for I have ap- 
peared unto thee for this purpose, to make thee a min- 
ister and a witness both of these things which thou hast 
seen, and of those things in the which I will appear unto 
thee ; 17. Delivering thee from the people, and from 
the Gentiles, unto whom now I send thee. 18. To 
open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to 
light, and from the power of satan unto God, that they 
may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among 
them which are sanctified by faith thatis in me. 

1 Cor.iv. 14. I write not these things to shame you, ' 
but as my beloved sons I warn you. 15. For though 
you have ten thousand instructors in Christ, yet have 
ye not many fathers ; forin Christ Jesus 1 have begot- 
ten you through the gospel. 

1 Thess. v. 14. Now we exhort you, brethren, warn 
them that are unruly, comfort the feeble-minded, sup- 
port the weak, be patient toward all men. 

Heb. xii.6. Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, 
and scourgeth every son whom he receiyeth. 11. Now 
no chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous, but 


108 ‘ 


grevious ; nevertheless, afterward it yieldeth wim Peante 
able fruit of righteousness, unto them which are 
cisedthereby. 12. Wherefore lift up the hands ) walc ich 
hang down, and the feeble knees. 

Eph. iv. 11. And he [Christ] gave some, sped: : 
and some prophets: and some, evangelists: and some, 
pastors” and teachers ; 12. For the perfecting of the 
saints ; for the work of the ministry, for the edifying 
of the body of Christ. See also Matt. xxviii. 18, 19, 20. 


toed 


SECT. Til. 


94th Q.—Do those ministers then, whose 
preaching is ‘‘ in demonstration of the Spirit 
and of power,” baptize the believing hearer 
with the baptism of Christ ? ee 


, A.—They do, orrather the divine power 
of Christ does it through them as instru- 
ments. 


' Acts x. 44. While Peter yet spake anata, the 
Holy Spirit fell on all them which heard the word. 

Acts xi. 15. And as I [Peter] began to speak, the 
Holy Spirit fell on them as on usat the beginning. 16. 
Then remembered I the word of the Lord, how that he 
said, John indeed baptized with water, but ye shall be 
baptized with the Holy Spirit. 


95th Q.—Is this Baptism experienced only’ 
through the medium of preaching ? 


A.—No, the soul feels the baptizing pow: 
er of Christ, not only mediately through his 


109 


ministers, but also immediately through the 
renovating power of the Holy Spirit operat- 
ing upon it ; whereby, being cleansed from 
its most secret corruptions, it is purified, and 
fitted for communion with the Father and 
withthe Son. It was thus, without the me- 
dium of preaching, that the disciples were 
baptized with the ys Spirit on the day of 
Pentecost. 


Matt. iii. 11. He [Christ] shall baptize you with 
the Holy Spirit, and with fire: 12. Whose fan is in 
his hand, and he will thoroughly purge his floor, and 
gather his wheat into his garner, but will burn up the 
chaff with unquenchable fire. 

Isaiah xliv. $. I will pour water upon him that is 
thirsty, and floods upon the dry ground: I will pour 
my Spirit upon thy seed, and my blessing upon thine 
offspring. 

- John vii. $7. In the last day that great day of the 
feast, Jesus stood and cried, saying, If any man thirst, 
let him come unto me, and drink. 38. He that believeth 
on me, asthe Scripture hath said, out of his belly shall 
flow rivers of living waters, 39. (But this spake he of 
the Spirit, which they that believe on him, should re- 
- ceive : for the Holy Spirit was not yet given, because 
that Jesus was not yet glorified.) 

1 Cor. xii. 13. For by one Spirit are we all baptized 
into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether 
we be bond or free, and have been all made. to drink 
into one Spirit. 

Gal. iii. 26. For yeare all children of God by faith in 
Christ Jesus. 27. For as many of you as have 
baptized into Christ, have put on Christ. See also 
Acts ii. 1 to 3, in the Proofs to the 87 th Answer. 

K 


¥2% 


- 


110 


96th Q.—Was there not an outward bap- 
tism with water that was at one time prac- 
tised by a commission from heaven? 


A, —~Yes: 


See the Proofs to the 98th Answer. 


~ 97th Q.— Who received the commission n to 
‘itt. with water ? 


A.—John, on that account stiled the as 
tist, who was the fore-runner of Christ, the 
Elias. that was to come to prepare his way, as 
foretold by the prophets. 


- See the Proofs to the following Answer. © — 


98th Q.—In what consisted the difference 
between the baptism of John and the eae 
of Christ ? 


A.—John baptized the body alte ae ; 
his baptism was therefore of an outward, ele- 
mentary nature : whereas Christ baptizes the 
soul with the Holy Spirit, which, from its 


purifying and penetrating nature, is compared 
to the element of fire. 


Luke iii. 2.. The word of God came to John the 
son of Zacharias in the wilderness. 3. And he came 
into all the country about Jordan, preaching the bap- 
tism of repentance for the remission of sins; 4. Asit 
is written inthe words of Esaias the prophet, saying, 
‘The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye 
the way of the Lord, make his paths strait. 5. Every 
valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shal! 


iii 


be brought low ; and the crooked shall be made straight, 
and the rough ways shall be made smooth ; ; 6. Andall 
flesh shall see the salvation of God. 

Mark i. 5. And there went out unto him all the 
land. of Judea, and they of Jerusalem, and were all 
baptized of him in the river of Jordan, confessing their 
sins. 

Luke iii. 15. And as the people were in expectation, 
and all men mused in their hearts of John, whether he 
were the Christ, or not; 16. John answered, saying 
unto them all, I indeed baptize you with water ; ; but 
one mightier than I cometh, the latchet of whose shoes 
Tam not worthy to unloose: he shall baptize you with 
the Holy Spirit and with fire. 17. Whose fan is in his 
hand, and he will thoroughly purge his floor, and will 
gather his wheat into his garner; but the chaff he will 
burn with fire unquenchable. 

John i, 33. And I knew him not: but he that sent 
me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon 
whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending and remain- 
ing on him, thé same is_he which baptizeth with the 
Holy Spirit. 34. And I saw and bare record’ that this 
is the Son of God. 

Johniii. 30. He [Jesus] must increase, but I [John] 
must decrease. 

Luke vii. 24. And when the messengers of John 
were departed, he [Jesus] began to speak unto the 
people concerning John, What went ye out into the 
wilderness for to see? 26. A prophet? Yea, I say 
unto you, and much more than a prophet. 27. This 
is he of whom it is written, Behold I send my messen- 
ger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way be- 
fore thee. 28. For I say unto you, Among those that 
are bern of women, there’is not a greater prophet than 
John the Baptist : but he thatis least i in the kingdom of . 
God is greater than he. 

Matt. xi. 13. All the prophets and the law prophe- 
sied until John. 14, And if ye will receive ity this is- 
Bias which was for to come. 


112 


1 


See also the Proofs to the 87th, 94th, end 95th 
Answers, San 


99th Q.—Did Christ enjoin. ia Water 
Baptism should be practised as a gospel ordi. 
nance in his church ? 


» A.—It does not appear that he did’: “Paul 
who, whether we consider his gifts or his zeal 
and labours in the gospel, was inferior to none 
of the apostles, says expressly that he was 
not sent to baptize, but to preach the Oo 


See the Proofs to the next hae L neahe , 


100th Q.—Did not the apostles sai | 
with water, and if.so, are we to conclude 
_ from their practice that it was an instibtign, 
of Christ ? 


A.—Though some. of the apibstleo did 
baptize with water, that no more proves it to 
be an institution of Christ, than their adher- 
ence to the ceremonial law of Moses proves 
that his.law. was not fulfilled and superseded 
by the coming of Christ: for the apésile 
Paul acknowledges he had baptized some 
individuals, though he had not, according 
to his own confession, received any com- 


‘Mission. so to do. . 4 

John i iii, 22. vateag these things came Jesus and his 
disciples into the land of Judea, and there he tarried 
with them and baptized. 


115 


John iv. 1 When therefore the Lord knew how the 
pharisees had heard that Jesus made and baptized more 
disciples than John, 2. (Though Jesus himself bap- 
tized not, | but his disciples) 3. He left Judea. 

' Acts viii. 36. And as they went on their way, they 
came unto acertain water ; and the eunuch said, See, 
here is water ; what doth hinder me to be baptized? 37. 
And Philip BPS If thou believest with ali thine heart 
thou mayest. 38. And they went down both into 
the water, both Philip and the eunuch ; and he baptized 
him. 

Acts xxi. 20. They [the Apostle James and others) 
said unto him [Paul], Thou seest, brother, how many 
thousands of Jews there are which believe, and they 
are all zealous of the Laws 21. And they are informed 
of thee that thou teachest all the Jews which are among 
the Gentiles, to forsake Moses, saying, that they ought 
not to circumcise their children, neither to walk after 
the customs. 22. What is it therefore? the multitude 
must needs come together ; for they will hear that thou 
art come. 23. Do therefore this that we say to thee: 
we have four men which have a vow on them; 24. 
' Thera take and purify thyself with them, that they may 
shave their heads: and all may know that those things 
whereof they were informed concerning thee, are 
nothing, but that thou thyself also walkest orderly, and 
keepest the Law. 

1 Cor. i. 14. I thank God that I baptized none of you, 
but Crispus and Gaius, 15. Lest any should say, that 
I had baptized in mineownname. 16. And I baptized 
also the household of Stephanas : besides, I know not 
whether I baptized any other. 17. For Christ sent me 
not to baptize but to preach the Gospel. 


- 101st Q.—Why did the apostles conform 
to ceremonial rites that were superseded and 
abolished by the christian dispensation? 


A.—Not to mention, that as Jews it was 
Ks 


114 


difficult for them at once to break off all ob- 
servance of the ritual Law, in some instan- 
ces they were induced from the early state 
of the church, to be in those repects, as 1 weak 
to ) those who were weak. 


Cor. ix. 19. Though I be tied from all men, yet 
haye I made'myself servant unto all, that I might gain 


the more. 20. And unto the Jews I became as ‘a Jew, | 


that I might gain the Jews ; tothem that are under the 
Jaw, as under the law. that I might gain them that are 
under the law; 21. To them that are without law, as 
without law, (being not without law to God, but under 
the law to-‘Christ), that I might gain them that are 
withoutlaw. 22. To the weak became I asweak ; Iam 
made all things to all men, that I might by all ery 
save some. 

See also Acts xxi. 20 to 23, among the Proof to the 
is. Answer. : 


“2 


SECT. TV. 


102d Q.—What was the wu past which 
Christ ate with his disciples, the ae before 
his crucifixion ? =salb re. 


A.—The Jewish Passover instituted. by 
Moses, and was typical of the spiritual nou- 
rishment the soul receives from a participa- 
tion of the body and blood of Christ pur- 
chased for us byhis death. 


refed xxii. 7. Then came the day of ‘ae . 


bread, when the passover must be killed. 8. And he 
{Jesus] sent Peter and John, saying, Go an prepare 


us the passover, that we may eat. 13. And they made _ 


ready the pasaover. 14. And when the hour was come 


115 


he sat down, andthe twelve apostles with him, 15. 
And he said unto them, with desire I have desired to 
eat this passover with you before I suffer. 16. For I 
say unto you, I will not any more eat thereof, until it 
be fulfilled in the kingdom of God. 17. And he took 
the cup and gave thanks, and said, Take this, and divide 
it among yourselves, 18. For I say unto you, I will 
not drink of the fruit of the vine, until the kingdom of 
God shall come. 19. And he took bread, and gave 
thanks and brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This 
is my body which is given for. you : this do in remem- 
branceofme. 20. Likewise also the cup after-suppery 
saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood, - 
whichis shed for you. 

Matt. xxvi. 26. And as.they were eating, Jesus took 
bread and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the 
disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body. 27, 
And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to 
them, saying, Drink ye all of it: 28. For this ismy 
blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for 
the remission of sins. 29. But I say unto you, I will 
not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that 
day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s 
kingdom. See also Mark xiv. 12 to 25.. 1 Cor. xi, 
20 to 26. 7 


See also the Proofs to the 107th Answer. 


103d Q.—When our Saviour brake the 
bread and said ‘“‘ Do this in remembrance of 
me,” did he perpetuate the Jewish Passover 
as an ordinance of the christian church ? 


A.—Such a conclusion is not authorized by 
the scriptures, ‘the disciples to whom Christ 
addressed these words were Jews, who were 
therefore desired by him, whenever they ate 
the Jewish Passover, to do it in remembrance 


& 


116 


of him the true’ paschal Lamb and. bread of 


life. ¥ . * ¥ Lhe 


1 Cor. xi. 23. For I received of the Lord that which 
also I delivered unto you, that the Lord Jesus the same 
night in which he was betrayed, took bread; 24. And 
when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take 
eat; thisis my body, ~which is broken for you : this do 
inremembrance of me. 25. After the same manner 
also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This 
cup is the new testament in my blood : this do ye, as oft 
as ye drink it 3 in remembrance of me. 26. Foras often 
as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye doshew the 
the Lord’s death till he come. Pal aS Spy 
« yRuede > 

104th Q.—What further reason is there 

7 
to conclude, that our Lord’s injunction re-- 
specting the bread and wine ‘is not to be 
understood as of universalobligation?  , 


A.—The following reason may be assign- 
ed : the apostle John informs us that after the 
Supper was ended, our blessed..Lord washed 
his disciples’ feet, and commanded them to 
follow his example and wash each others 
feet; yet this command, though’ more 
strongly enforced than the other, is’ not’ 


* That the injunction was not designed to extend beyond the 
disciples who were of the circumcision, (though others might 
unite in the practice,) appears most probable fiom the time bei 
limited, or at least so understood by the apostle Paul, to the 
coming of Christ ; which may, consistently withthe opinion of 
the best commentators.on the sacred writings, advert to_ m- 
ing to end completely the Jewish polity by the destruction of 
Jerusalem and the temple. ' Pe, 


er 


“117 


considered by christians in general as obliga- 
tory at the present day. 


John xiii. 4. He [Jesus] riseth from supper; and 
laid aside his garments, and took a towel and girded 
himself. 5. After that, he poureth water into a bason, 
and began to wash the disciples’ feet, and to wipe them 
with the towel wherewith he was girded. 6. Then 
cometh he to Simon Peter : and Peter saith unto him, 
Lord,dost thou wash my feet ?. 7. Jesus answered and 
said unto him, What I do thou knowest not now ; but 
thou shalt know hereafter. 8. Peter saith unto him, 
Thou shalt never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, 
If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with me. 12. So 
after he had washed their feet, and had taken his gar- 
ments, and was set down again, he said unto them, Know 
ye what | have done to you? 2.13. Ye cail me Master 
and Lord: and ye say well; forsol am. 14. If Ithen 
your Lord and Master, have washed your feet, ye also 
ought to wash one another's feet. 15. For I have given 
you an example, that ye should do as I have done to 
you. 


105th Q.—Why is it not obligatory ? 


A.—Because as our Savieur’s former com- 
mand referred to a Jewish rite, now super= 
seded, so this referred to an Eastern custom 
that does not prevail in the West ; and there- 
fore though his immediate followers whom 
he addressed might literally obey his com- 
mand, the spirit of it is all that is considered 
obligatory to the Christian church, namely, 
areadiness to do the most humble offices of 
love for our brethren. 


118 


106th Q.—Did not this act of “our Lord 
also convey further instruction ? Tee’ 


. 


» A.—It evidently did. From the words of 

our Lord to Peter, ‘‘ If I wash thee not; thou 

hast no part with me,” it appears that he de- 

signed.ito impress upon his disciples the ne- - 
cessity of the inward washing of regeneration; 

which cleanses the soul from the Has ie 

of sin, and fits it for communion with him 


a 


See the Proof to the 104th Answer. ‘ aN a 


_ 107th Q.—Is there not a Supper” of our 
Lord mentioned in the Scriptures, of which 
christians partake, and by which ae haye ; 
communion with him? — 


A.—There is ; our said bg Fe to it 
when he ate the Jewish’ Passover with his 
disciples, as well as on other occasions. By 
it the soul partakes of the bread of life which 
comes down from heaven, and of the new 
wine of the kingdom, which nourish the soul 
up unto eternal life: or in other words, the 
‘supper is an inward and. spiritual participa- 
tion of the body and blood of Christ ; for - 
as the outward body cannot subsist without 
material food, so neither can. the divine life 
subsist in the soul without spiritual ‘food. 


Matt. xxvi. 29. “But I say unto you, I will not 
drink henceforth of this fruit of the- vine, until that 
day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s 
kingdom. 


- 119 


John vi. 33. The bread of God is he which cometh 
down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world. 34. 
Then said they unto him, Lord, evermore give us this 
bread. 35. And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread 
of life he that cometh to me sha!l never hunger ; and 
he that believeth on me, shall never thirst. 51. lam the 
living bread, which came down from heaven: if any 
man eat of this bread he shali jive for ever > and the 
bread that I will give, is my flesh,, which I will give for 
the life of the world. 53. Verily. verily I say unto you, 
Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his 
blood, ye have no lifein you. 54. Whoso eateth my 
flesh, and drinketh my blood, hath eternal life, and! will 
raise him up at the lastday. 55. For my flesh is meat 
indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. 56. He that 
eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, dwelleth in me, 
and I in him. 

Rey. iii. 20. Behold, I stand at the doar, and knock: 
ifany man hear, my voice, and open the door, I will 
come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me. 
22. He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit 
saith unto the churches. 


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